ECC - Economics of Compliance with Constitutions

ECC - 遵守宪法的经济学

• 批准号: 381589259
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Stefan Voigt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Recht und Ökonomik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/381589259?language=en
• 关键词: ECC; Economics; Compliance; Constitutions

The project's main objective is to deepen our understanding of the discrepancies between de jure constitutional rules and de facto constitutional reality. By now, the significance of various constitutional rules for both policy decisions and economic outcomes is well established. While it is agreed that their de facto implementation is more important than the mere de jure wording of constitutional provisions, there is no systematic analysis of the causes and consequences of the gap between the two. The ECC project fills this lacuna by offering a comprehensive economic account of the compliance with constitutions problem. We propose to conceptualize the de jure-de facto constitutional gap first, which is a precondition for developing a theory to explain its causes and consequences as well as for measuring it. Based on a number of preliminary conjectures (the gap will not only be determined by the content of the constitutional rules but also by country characteristics such as culture, politics and socio-economic conditions), we will develop a comprehensive theory that also describes likely effects of a constitutional gap. The resulting hypotheses will then be tested relying on two complementary empirical approaches - econometric methods applied to observational data for a global sample of countries, as well as experimental methods that are used to study individual behavior under precisely controlled conditions. Understanding the causes and consequences of de jure-de facto constitutional gaps is of significant policy relevance, as it helps to design better legal institutions and creates awareness of the limits of what constitutional reform can achieve. The Polish-German cooperation on this project allows not only to combine the expertise and potential of two important centers of research in constitutional economics, but it also provides a unique opportunity to conduct experiments in Germany, Poland, and Egypt (where the University of Cairo is a partner of the University of Hamburg) and compare the perceptions of constitutions and constitutional compliance across countries with substantial differences in many characteristics ranging from income levels to historical legacies and political regime experience.

该项目的主要目标是加深我们对法律上的宪法规则和事实上的宪法现实之间的差异的理解。到目前为止，各种宪法规则对政策决策和经济结果的重要性已经确立。虽然人们一致认为，它们的实际执行比宪法规定的法律上的文字更重要，但没有系统地分析两者之间差距的原因和后果。ECC项目填补了这一空白，对遵守宪法的问题提供了全面的经济解释。我们建议首先将法律上和事实上的宪法差距概念化，这是发展一种解释其原因和后果以及衡量其差距的理论的先决条件。基于一些初步推测(差距不仅由宪法规则的内容决定，还由文化、政治和社会经济条件等国家特征决定)，我们将开发一个全面的理论，该理论还描述了宪法差距可能产生的影响。然后，将依靠两种互补的经验方法对由此产生的假设进行检验--应用于全球国家样本观测数据的计量经济学方法，以及用于研究在精确受控条件下的个人行为的实验方法。了解法律上事实上的宪法漏洞的原因和后果具有重大的政策意义，因为它有助于设计更好的法律机构，并使人们认识到宪法改革可以实现的限度。波兰和德国在这个项目上的合作不仅允许将两个重要的宪法经济学研究中心的专业知识和潜力结合在一起，而且还提供了一个独特的机会，可以在德国、波兰和埃及(开罗大学是汉堡大学的合作伙伴)进行实验，比较从收入水平到历史遗产和政治制度经验等许多特征存在重大差异的国家对宪法和宪法合规性的看法。