EOPM - Multidimensional Equality of Opportunity

EOPM - 多维机会平等

• 批准号: 381588928
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Andreas Peichl
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Akademia Finansów i Biznesu Vistula
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/381588928?language=en
• 关键词: EOPM; Multidimensional; Equality; Opportunity

Alan Krueger, a former main economic advisor to President Obama, once said: "The rise in inequality in the United States over the last three decades has reached the point that inequality in incomes is causing an unhealthy division in opportunities, and is a threat to our economic growth." Equality of opportunity, as opposed to pure equality of outcomes, takes into account the element of individual responsibility. Individuals should have equal opportunities in the sense that factors beyond their control have no impact on their well-being. Against this background condition, it is then the choice of the individual to exercise sufficient effort to obtain a specific level of well-being. It is widely acknowledged in the literature and more so in practical decision-making that well-being is a multidimensional concept and cannot be reduced to a single proxy such as income. Therefore if the goal of public policy is to seek equality of opportunity, its measurement has to account for the multidimensionality of well-being. To date, however, researchers on equality of opportunity have made only little progress on this mission - a shortcoming that will be addressed by this research project.The project consists of four packages. First, we investigate theoretical models of equality of opportunity with the goal to link individual responsibility and multi-dimensional well-being. Second, we offer various measurement approaches to evaluate equality of opportunity in the presence of multiple outcomes. Third, we apply the developed measures to assess equality of opportunity with respect to multidimensional well-being. In a last step, we contribute to the existing literature by analyzing unequal opportunities over the life-cycle through the lens of multidimensionality.The Beethoven call offers a unique opportunity to conduct research in this area which receives substantial public attention. It facilitates the integration of research experience in the theory of the measurement of well-being and inequality (Poland) with the capacities of an empirically oriented research group that has a strong track-record of estimating equality of opportunity (Germany). Furthermore, the project will benefit greatly from excellent collaborators (Italy, UK) who are established experts in the field.

奥巴马总统的前主要经济顾问艾伦·克鲁格（Alan Krueger）曾说过：“过去三十年来，美国的不平等现象的增长达到了收入不平等的地位，造成了机会不健康的机会，这是对我们经济增长的威胁。”机会平等，而不是纯粹的结果平等，考虑了个人责任的要素。个人应该有平等的机会，因为他们无法控制的因素对自己的福祉没有影响。在这种背景条件下，就选择了个人的选择，以付出足够的努力来获得特定的幸福感。它在文献中得到了广泛认可，在实际决策中，福祉是一个多维概念，不能简化为收入等单一的代理。因此，如果公共政策的目标是寻求机会平等，则其衡量标准必须说明幸福感的多维性。但是，迄今为止，有关机会平等的研究人员在此任务上只取得了很少的进步 - 该研究项目将解决这一缺点。该项目由四个包装组成。首先，我们研究了机会平等的理论模型，目的是将个人责任和多维福祉联系起来。其次，我们提供了各种测量方法来评估在存在多个结果的情况下机会平等。第三，我们采用了开发的措施来评估有关多维福祉的机会平等。在最后一步中，我们通过通过多维镜头分析生命周期的不平等机会来为现有文献做出了贡献。贝多芬的呼叫为在该领域进行研究提供了独特的机会，从而引起了广泛的公众关注。它促进了研究经验在衡量幸福感和不平等（波兰）的理论中的融合与一个以经验为导向的研究小组的能力，该研究小组具有强大的估计机会平等（德国）的追踪记录。此外，该项目将从该领域成熟的专家中受益于优秀的合作者（英国意大利）。