Religious Components in the Syrian Conflict (1970 until today): A Case Study From the Perspective of Theological Ethics

叙利亚冲突中的宗教成分（1970年至今）：神学伦理视角下的案例研究

• 批准号: 383964238
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Friedrich Lohmann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Theologie und Ethik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/383964238?language=en
• 关键词: Religious; Components; Syrian; Conflict; 1970

It is one of the crucial tasks of theological ethics to assess the contribution of religion(s) to the evolution of conflicts and/or peace. Up to now, this contribution has not been clarified in all its complex ramifications. Under which conditions does religion contribute to peace-building, and what are the presuppositions for it to serve as a source of violence, by its motivation and justification?This question can only be answered on the basis of case studies that take into account the complexity of the specific scenario. Detailed methodological approaches in this sense, with a focus on the relevance of religious components, are missing with regard to the Syrian conflict. Therefore, the outlined research project is supposed to identify such components in the ongoing Syrian conflict, distinguishing from the outset between the role of religion as a resource for both the justification and the mobilisation of violence. Analyses of the conflictual situation in the Middle East too long have neglected the role of religion, leading to far-reaching misconceptions of the specific dynamics of conflict, not the least before and during the last Iraq War. For an ethical judgment, however, it is important to get insights into the different religious identities and the strategies of justification and mobilisation that are built upon them by the various parties of conflict. It is only by taking into account the religious factors - in their interaction with all the other sources and catalyzers of conflict -, that the war in Syria can be analysed and understood in its entirety.The proposed research project shall follow this requirement and, therefore, examine to which degree religious components shape the Syrian war in its specific dynamic. A scientific study with a focus on the relationship of religion and violence in the Syrian conflict and its antecedent is a desideratum. Starting with this specific and empirical case study on Syria, the proposed research project will go on to use this empricial evidence from Syria in order to get a more systematic evaluation of the relationship between religion and violence. Based on this, the research project shall draw (peace) ethical consequences, that, in the ideal case, could become parts of political ethics, even advice to politicians.

神学伦理学的关键任务之一是评估宗教对冲突和/或和平演变的贡献。到目前为止，这一贡献尚未在其所有复杂的影响中得到澄清。在何种条件下宗教有助于建设和平，宗教以其动机和理由成为暴力根源的前提是什么？这个问题只能根据考虑到特定场景复杂性的案例研究来回答。在叙利亚冲突中，缺乏这方面的详细方法，重点是宗教成分的相关性。因此，概述的研究项目应该确定正在进行的叙利亚冲突中的这些组成部分，从一开始就区分宗教作为暴力辩护和动员资源的作用。对中东冲突局势的分析长期忽视了宗教的作用，导致对冲突的具体动态产生了深远的误解，尤其是在上一次伊拉克战争之前和期间。然而，对于道德判断来说，重要的是要深入了解不同的宗教身份以及冲突各方建立在这些身份基础上的辩护和动员策略。只有考虑到宗教因素--与冲突的所有其他根源和催化剂的相互作用--才能从整体上分析和理解叙利亚战争。拟议的研究项目应遵循这一要求，因此，研究宗教因素在多大程度上影响了叙利亚战争的具体动态。迫切需要进行一项科学研究，重点是叙利亚冲突及其前身中宗教与暴力的关系。本研究将从叙利亚这一具体的实证案例研究开始，继续利用叙利亚的经验证据，对宗教与暴力之间的关系进行更系统的评估。在此基础上，研究项目将得出（和平）伦理后果，在理想情况下，这可能成为政治伦理的一部分，甚至是对政治家的建议。