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Evolution of insect learning styles and behavioural syndromes in response to environmental variability and reliability of information.

昆虫学习风格和行为综合症响应环境变化和信息可靠性的演变。

基本信息

批准号：
386527848
负责人：
Dr. Maartje Liefting, Ph.D.
金额：
--
依托单位：
Arbeitsgruppe Angewandte Zoologie / Ökologie der Tiere
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2016-12-31 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/386527848?language=en
关键词：
Evolution insect learning styles behavioural

项目摘要

Learning ability of insects has long held the interest of evolutionary biologists because of its adaptive significance. Although there are obvious benefits to learning, much variation exists in learning speed and how long a memory will last. It is generally assumed that these differences in learning evolve in response to specific environmental conditions like variability of the environment and how reliable available information is. However, our understanding of the environmental and insect-intrinsic factors which drive selection for a particular learning style is still rudimentary. The proposed project addresses this gap of knowledge by using the parasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis as a model. The project aims to elucidate how (i) the reliability and variability of environmental information affect the evolution of learning style, and (ii) whether certain learning styles co-evolve with particular behavioural syndromes (i.e. suites of behavioural traits). Learning styles will be categorized by the readiness to learn (slow/fast learner), the maintenance of memory (short/long-term), and the accuracy of employing learned information. We will use an experimental evolutionary set-up in which parasitic wasps will evolve different learning styles in response to different artificial environments that we control for the level of variability and reliability of information. There is a direct link between learning style and fitness as the learning style will determine how successful a wasp is in finding hosts (fly pupae) in a specific environments. The number of colours of the environment in which hosts are offered and the reliability of host occurrence linked with a particular colour will vary. We will monitor: (a) the emerging learning styles in each environment in learning assays; (b) the foraging success of different learning styles in different environments; (c) whether co-evolution of learning style and behavioural syndrome occurs. These conditions will be monitored for the duration of the experiment (minimally 15 generations). This set-up will provide information on costs and benefits of a learning style, and provide insight in the evolution of learning styles in insects.

昆虫的学习能力长期以来一直受到进化生物学家的关注，因为它具有适应性意义。虽然学习有明显的好处，但学习速度和记忆持续时间存在很大差异。人们通常认为，这些学习差异是根据特定的环境条件而演变的，比如环境的变化和可用信息的可靠性。然而，我们对环境和昆虫内在因素的理解仍然是基本的，这些因素驱动了对特定学习风格的选择。拟议的项目通过使用寄生蜂Nasonia vitripennis作为模型来解决这一知识差距。该项目旨在阐明（i）环境信息的可靠性和可变性如何影响学习风格的演变，以及（ii）某些学习风格是否与特定的行为综合征（即行为特征套件）共同演变。学习风格将根据学习的准备程度（慢/快学习者）、记忆的保持（短期/长期）和使用所学信息的准确性进行分类。我们将使用一个实验性的进化设置，其中寄生蜂将进化出不同的学习风格，以应对不同的人工环境，我们控制的可变性和信息的可靠性水平。学习风格和适应性之间有直接的联系，因为学习风格将决定黄蜂在特定环境中找到宿主（苍蝇）的成功程度。提供宿主的环境的颜色数量以及与特定颜色相关的宿主发生的可靠性将有所不同。我们将监测：（a）在学习实验中，每种环境下新出现的学习风格;（B）不同学习风格在不同环境下的觅食成功率;（c）学习风格和行为综合征是否发生共同进化。将在实验期间监测这些条件（至少15代）。这种设置将提供有关学习方式的成本和收益的信息，并提供昆虫学习方式演变的见解。