Social consequences and specificity of intrapersonal dis-synchrony in autism and other disorders of social interaction

自闭症和其他社交互动障碍中个人内部不同步的社会后果和特殊性

• 批准号: 387494903
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Christine M. Falter-Wagner, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/387494903?language=en
• 关键词: Social; consequences; specificity; intrapersonal; dis

Intrapersonal synchrony as the temporal coordination of nonverbal signal within interacting individuals could be constitutive for the emergence of interpersonal coupling mechanisms and smooth interactions. Peculiar nonverbal communication is a core symptom of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and our aim was to investigate if this translates into deviant intrapersonal coordination of gaze and gestures.Deploying a highly standardized interpersonal study setup with eye-tracking technique and precisely synchronized data from different modalities, we measured quantitative parameters of nonverbal behaviour in individuals with ASD during real interactions. Results revealed empirical evidence for the production of larger and more variable temporal coupling windows between gaze and its accompanying gestures in individuals with ASD. We could not find evidence for a link of intrapersonal synchrony measures and sensorimotor timing performance assessed by a tapping task. Additionally, we did not find group differences in spatial properties of the gestures, measured by a newly developed frame-differencing algorithm. In two follow-up studies that we are currently developing, we aim to test if the perception of intrapersonal dis-synchrony affects the communicative effect of nonverbal signals and impression formation.Within this continuation proposal, we build up on our achievements and argue that there is research lacking in order to investigate specificity of effects that we found in individuals ASD. This is especially important regarding high rates of comorbidity in ASD and a symptomatic overlap with other psychopathologies. In line with this, we suggest to investigate intrapersonal synchrony in individuals with schizophrenia as well as in individuals with depression. All three psychiatric groups (i.e. ASD, schizophrenia, and depression) share impairments in the social and communicative domain, but still each group delineates by distinct symptomatology. Including these psychiatric groups, we will be able to infer potential underlying mechanisms of intrapersonal dis-synchrony, its specificity to ASD and thus its potential use in differential diagnostics.

个体内部的同步性是个体之间非语言信号的时间协调，是人际耦合机制和顺利互动的基础。特殊的非语言交流是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的核心症状，我们的目的是调查这是否转化为异常的个人内部协调的目光和gestures.Deploying一个高度标准化的人际研究设置与眼动跟踪技术和精确同步的数据从不同的方式，我们测量了非语言行为的定量参数在个体与ASD在真实的互动。结果显示，经验证据生产更大，更可变的时间之间的耦合窗口注视和伴随的手势在个人与ASD。我们无法找到证据的联系，自我同步措施和感觉运动的时间性能评估的轻敲任务。此外，我们没有发现组的手势的空间特性的差异，测量一个新开发的帧差分算法。在接下来的两项研究中，我们的目标是测试自我不同步的感知是否会影响非语言信号和印象形成的交际效果，在这个延续性的建议中，我们建立了我们的成就，并认为，有研究缺乏，以调查的特殊性，我们发现在个人ASD的影响。这对于ASD中合并症的高发生率以及与其他精神病理学的症状重叠尤为重要。与此相一致，我们建议调查个人与精神分裂症以及在个人与抑郁症的自我同步。所有三个精神病组（即ASD，精神分裂症和抑郁症）在社会和沟通领域都有障碍，但每个组仍然由不同的精神病学来描述。包括这些精神病群体，我们将能够推断内在不同步的潜在潜在机制，其对ASD的特异性，从而其在鉴别诊断中的潜在用途。