Galactic Core-Collapse Supernovae - a Multi-Messenger Approach

下一个星系核心坍缩超新星（SN）将为恒星、粒子和引力物理提供丰富的新见解。但是，为了最佳地利用各种探测器技术提供的信息，必须对它们的信号进行共同分析。这种多信使方法对于中微子和引力波数据的解释将特别重要：这两种探测器技术都必须依赖于微弱的信号，但在提供对核心坍缩内部运作的直接洞察方面是独一无二的。有了这个提议，我们打算支持最近建立的中微子和引力波观测站网络。我们将开发一套在线和离线的分析工具，以提高星系SN探测的灵敏度，并为收集到的数据的综合评估铺平道路：特别是，我们将为中微子探测器建立一个通用的低阈值触发系统，以扩大引力波的观测范围；我们将开发通用的分析工具来关联中微子和引力波信号的时间结构；我们将升级现有的SNOwGLoBES仿真包，增加额外的中微子探测通道、中微子望远镜建模和与大型SN中微子发射理论模型数据库的接口；最后，我们将建立一个框架，对不同中微子探测器提供的SN中微子爆发的基本互补数据进行联合分析，旨在确定中微子信号的时间、能量和风味结构以及起源。由此产生的软件工具包不仅将提供给网络参与者，而且将提供给整个社区，旨在提高SN搜索的敏感性，并支持未来的多信使分析。

The next galactic core-collapse Supernova (SN) will provide a wealth of new insights on stellar, particle and gravitational physics. However, to make optimum use of the information provided by various detector technologies, their signals must be subjected to a common analysis. This multi-messenger approach will be of particular importance for the interpretation of neutrino and gravitational wave data: both detector technologies must rely on faint signals but are unique in providing direct insights into the inner workings of the core collapse.With this proposal, we intend to support a recently established network of neutrino and gravitational wave observatories. We will develop a set of both online and offline analysis tools that will increase the sensitivity for a galactic SN detection and will prepare the path towards a combined evaluation of the collected data: in particular, we will set up a common low-threshold trigger system for neutrino detectors that will enhance the observation range for gravitational waves; we will develop common analysis tools to correlate the time structures of neutrino and gravitational wave signals; we will upgrade the existing SNOwGLoBES simulation package to include additional neutrino detection channels, a modeling of neutrino telescopes and an interface to a large database of theoretical models for SN neutrino emission; and finally, we will develop a framework for a joint analysis of the largely complementary data provided by different neutrino detectors on the SN neutrino burst, aiming to determine the time, energy and flavor structure as well as the origin of the neutrino signal. The resulting software toolkit will be made available not only to the participants of the network but the whole community, aiming to promote the sensitivity of SN searches and to support future multi-messenger analyses.