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WoU-MMA: Core Collapse Supernova Gravitational Wave Signature Predictions Based on 3D Models with Increasing GR Realism

WoU-MMA：基于 3D 模型的核心塌陷超新星引力波特征预测，增强 GR 真实性

基本信息

批准号：
2110177
负责人：
Anthony Mezzacappa
金额：
$ 44.92万
依托单位：
University of Tennessee Knoxville
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-08-01 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2110177&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
WoU MMA Core Collapse Supernova

项目摘要

Explosions of massive stars known as core collapse supernovae are responsible directly or indirectly for the lion’s share of the elements in the periodic table. A detailed understanding of how they occur is needed to understand our cosmic origins. It is known that core collapse supernovae occur under severe conditions. Very high densities of stellar material and very high velocities of this material, relative to the speed of light, are the norm. Gravity in these environments is not well described by Newton’s theory. Einstein’s theory, the so-called general theory of relativity, is needed. In fact, all core collapse supernova model components (the description of gravity, the description of the stellar core as a fluid, and the description of the radiation present in the star in the form of neutrinos, which drives these explosions) must be general relativistic. During the time period of this project, the PI will complete the development of the general relativistic descriptions of these three components. But massive stars have magnetic fields, and they, too, aid in driving their death throes. Thus, magnetic fields must be included as well. This project will allow the PI and his collaborators to extend general relativistic core collapse supernova models to include magnetic fields and, thereby, complete them. Core collapse supernovae are general relativistic. It is known, too, that magnetic fields can no longer be ignored. Models must include general relativistic gravity, magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), and spectral neutrino kinetics in the form of moments or a Boltzmann model. Under the current award, the development of solvers for general relativistic gravity and hydrodynamics in the Conformally Flat Approximation (CFA) will be completed. In addition, magnetic fields will be included, and the CFA hydrodynamics solver will be extended to MHD. One-, two-, and perhaps critical phases of three-dimensional simulations will be performed, with and without magnetic fields. Three-dimensional simulations spanning stellar mass, rotation, and metallicity will be performed with the current production simulation capability, Chimera. This project will support the analysis of the associated gravitational wave emission. Predictions for both the temporal characteristics, such as the gravitational wave strain in both polarizations, and the spectral characteristics, such as the gravitational wave spectrum and heatmaps, of the gravitational wave emission will be made. The gravitational wave data will be made available to the gravitational wave astronomy community for its use.This project advances the objectives of "Windows on the Universe: the Era of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics", one of the 10 Big Ideas for Future NSF Investments.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

被称为核心坍缩超新星的大质量恒星的爆炸直接或间接地产生了元素周期表中大部分元素。要了解我们的宇宙起源，就需要详细了解它们是如何发生的。众所周知，核心坍缩超新星发生在恶劣的条件下。极高密度的恒星物质和相对于光速的极高速度是常态。牛顿的理论并不能很好地描述这些环境中的引力。我们需要爱因斯坦的理论，即所谓的广义相对论。事实上，所有核心坍缩超新星模型的组成部分（对引力的描述，对恒星核心流体的描述，以及对恒星中以中微子形式存在的辐射的描述，这些辐射驱动了这些爆炸）都必须符合广义相对论。在这个项目期间，PI将完成这三个组成部分的广义相对论描述的发展。但大质量恒星也有磁场，磁场也有助于推动它们的死亡阵痛。因此，磁场也必须包括在内。这个项目将允许PI和他的合作者将广义相对论的核心坍缩超新星模型扩展到包括磁场，从而完成它们。核心坍缩超新星是广义相对论。众所周知，磁场再也不能被忽视了。模型必须包括广义相对论重力，磁流体动力学（MHD），以及以矩或玻尔兹曼模型形式的谱中微子动力学。根据目前的奖励，将完成共形平坦近似（CFA）中广义相对论重力和流体动力学求解器的开发。此外，磁场将被包括在内，CFA流体动力学求解器将扩展到MHD。在有或没有磁场的情况下，将进行三维模拟的一阶段、二阶段，甚至可能是关键阶段。三维模拟跨越恒星质量，旋转和金属丰度将执行与目前的生产模拟能力，奇美拉。该项目将支持相关引力波发射的分析。将对引力波发射的时间特征（如引力波在两个极化中的应变）和光谱特征（如引力波谱和热图）进行预测。引力波数据将提供给引力波天文学团体供其使用。该项目推进了“宇宙之窗：多信使天体物理学时代”的目标，这是美国国家科学基金会未来投资的十大理念之一。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。