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Improving process stability and kinetics of anaerobic biowaste digestion by promoting direct interspecies electron transfer among syntrophic microbial consortia

通过促进互养微生物群落之间的直接种间电子转移来提高厌氧生物废物消化的过程稳定性和动力学

基本信息

批准号：
388261240
负责人：
Dr. Stefan Dyksma
金额：
--
依托单位：
Fachbereich Technik
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/388261240?language=en
关键词：
Improving process stability kinetics anaerobic

项目摘要

Microbial conversion of organic matter to renewable energy in form of methane is a proven and widespread strategy for effective waste management. In such methane-producing environments, electrical connected bacteria and archaea perform direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) as alternative syntrophic mechanism to interspecies hydrogen or formate transfer (IHT). However, fundamental aspects of the microbial ecology concerning DIET are still unclear, in particular, its significance for biogas production remains to be elucidated. To date, studies largely focused on DIET in methanogenic co-cultures of very few model organisms associated with mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors treating wastewaters. We intend to generate a more widely applicable knowledge of structure-function relationships within syntrophic core communities in mesophilic and thermophilic digesters by integrating cutting-edge molecular tools such as the 16S rRNA approach, metagenomics and transcriptomics with cultivation-based techniques to ultimately induce higher process stability and efficiency of anaerobic digestion (AD). Key objectives are the identification of novel organisms capable of DIET and to understand the genetic mechanisms underlying DIET with an emphasis on biowaste-digesting biogas plants that substantially differ from mesophilic UASB reactors in terms of reactor setup, mode of operation, temperature and substrate composition. We suggest that DIET is a co-occurring alternative to IHT common in AD. To our knowledge, the proposed project will target DIET for the first time in both thermophilic and mesophilic systems. We further aim to determine potential substrates metabolized during DIET focused on syntrophic propionate- and butyrate-oxidizing consortia that are of vital importance for the anaerobic breakdown of organic matter. Metagenomics will be used to reconstruct metabolic capabilities along with transcriptomics to reveal expression patterns associated with DIET. A process that circumvents the production of hydrogen, which accumulation can be critical to overall process functioning, may be beneficial for the stability of AD. Therefore, we will specifically enrich syntrophic consortia performing DIET and investigate physiological advantages over IHT. The anticipated results will represent an imperative step to exploit the full potential of AD. Given the fact that DIET is widely distributed in anoxic environments and the general need for efficient transfer of metabolites in cooperating communities our results will be relevant also to other fields of research such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions from methanogenic environments and bio-electrochemical systems where electrical connected microbes are implicated.

微生物将有机物转化为甲烷形式的可再生能源是有效废物管理的一种行之有效的普遍策略。在这种产甲烷环境中，电连接的细菌和古细菌进行直接种间电子转移（DIET）作为种间氢或甲酸盐转移（IHT）的替代互养机制。然而，关于饮食的微生物生态学的基本方面仍然不清楚，特别是，它的沼气生产的意义仍有待阐明。到目前为止，研究主要集中在与中温上流式厌氧污泥床（UASB）反应器处理废水相关的极少数模式生物的产甲烷共培养物中的DIET。我们打算通过整合尖端的分子工具，如16 S rRNA方法，宏基因组学和转录组学与培养为基础的技术，最终诱导更高的工艺稳定性和效率的厌氧消化（AD），在嗜温和嗜热消化池中的互养核心社区内的结构-功能关系产生更广泛适用的知识。主要目标是识别能够进行DIET的新型生物体，并了解DIET的遗传机制，重点是在反应器设置、操作模式、温度和底物组成方面与中温UASB反应器有很大不同的生物废物消化沼气厂。我们认为，饮食是一个共同发生的替代IHT常见的AD。据我们所知，拟议的项目将首次在嗜热和嗜温系统中针对DIET。我们进一步的目标是确定潜在的底物代谢过程中饮食集中在互养丙酸和丁酸氧化财团是至关重要的有机物的厌氧分解。宏基因组学将用于重建代谢能力，沿着转录组学，以揭示与饮食相关的表达模式。避免氢的产生的方法可能有益于AD的稳定性，氢的积累对整个过程的功能是至关重要的。因此，我们将特别丰富的互养财团进行饮食和调查的生理优势比IHT。预期的结果将是开发AD全部潜力的必要步骤。鉴于DIET广泛分布于缺氧环境中，以及在合作社区中有效转移代谢物的普遍需求，我们的结果也将与其他研究领域相关，例如减少产甲烷环境和生物电化学系统中的温室气体排放，其中涉及电连接微生物。