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Roots in the surroundings of biopores

根部位于生物孔周围

基本信息

批准号：
389349606
负责人：
Professor Dr. Timo Kautz
金额：
--
依托单位：
Fachgebiet Pflanzenbau
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/389349606?language=en
关键词：
Roots surroundings biopores

项目摘要

To date, the role of the subsoil for nutrition of arable crops is in dispute because on the one hand the prerequisites for nutrient uptake in the subsoil are generally adverse and root-length densities in the subsoil are generally low, whereas on the other hand, at least under certain environmental conditions, crops can take up large proportions of nutrients from the subsoil. The surroundings of biopores have probably a key function as hot spots for root growth in the subsoil. Whereas the roots growing through the lumen of pores much larger than their own diameter are at least partly exposed to air and have limited access to the resources of the pore wall, roots growing through the surroundings of biopores can establish root-soil contact more easily and draw benefit from high concentration of nutrients, microbiological activity and facile access to water and oxygen. This project will focus on investigation of root growth in the surroundings of biopores with advanced sampling techniques. The overall hypotheses of this project are that in the surroundings of biopores - chemical and physical soil properties are influenced by the activities of anecic earthworms (deposition of feces rich in N) and plant roots (creation of fine pores by lateral roots).- root length density is greater than in the bulk soil.- root architecture in terms of diameter and branching is different from roots growing in the bulk soil.- metabolic activity of roots as indicated by mapping of pH gradients in the rhizosphere in combination with isotopic labeling is increased.Experiments will be carried out under controlled conditions in soil columns and in the field. The project will take into account that individual properties of biopores depend on their formation history, i.e. the former activity of earthworms and roots. Microcosm experiments with pores differently influenced by roots and earthworms will be established. Root-length densities will be quantified by image analyses. Metabolic activity of roots will be quantified with isotope tracers using 99 atom% 13C-urea applied with the leaf labelling technique. After cultivation, 13C release will be quantified with mass spectroscopy. Moreover, pH sensitive planar optodes will be used for mapping of pH gradients around roots growing through surroundings of biopores and the bulk soil. Suberin contents, in the biopore sheath as markers of old roots will be analyzed with gas chromatography.

迄今为止，底土对可耕地作物营养的作用仍存在争议，因为一方面底土中养分吸收的先决条件通常是不利的，底土中的根长密度通常较低，而另一方面，至少在某些环境条件下，作物可以从底土中吸收大部分养分。生物孔隙的周围可能有一个关键的功能，作为热点的根系生长在底土。尽管通过比其自身直径大得多的孔的内腔生长的根至少部分地暴露于空气并且具有有限的孔壁资源，但是通过生物孔的周围生长的根可以更容易地建立根-土壤接触并且从高浓度的营养物、微生物活性和容易获得水和氧气中获益。本计画将利用先进的取样技术，研究植物根系在生物孔隙周围的生长情况。该项目的总体假设是，在生物孔隙周围-土壤的化学和物理性质受到蚯蚓活动（富含N的粪便沉积）和植物根系（侧根产生细孔）的影响。根长密度大于散装土壤。根的结构在直径和分枝方面不同于生长在大块土壤中的根。根际pH梯度图结合同位素标记表明，根的代谢活动增加。实验将在土柱和田间受控条件下进行。该项目将考虑到，生物孔隙的个别特性取决于其形成历史，即蚯蚓和根系的先前活动。将建立根和蚯蚓对孔隙影响不同的微观实验。根长密度将通过图像分析进行定量。根的代谢活性将用同位素示踪剂定量，使用99原子%的13 C-尿素，采用叶标记技术。培养后，将用质谱法定量13 C释放。此外，pH敏感的平面光电管将被用于映射周围的pH梯度生长通过周围的生物孔隙和散装土壤的根。用气相色谱法分析生物孔鞘中作为老根标志物的苏木素含量。