Post-War Modernity and Medical Reform. The Project of the Foundation of Medical Academies in West Germany, 1950-1970

战后现代性与医疗改革。

• 批准号: 389683492
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Heiko Stoff
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Ethik, Geschichte und Philosophie der Medizin
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/389683492?language=en
• 关键词: Post; War; Modernity; Medical; Reform.

On the basis of comprehensive archival material the research project will reveal, that the foundation of medical academies in West Germany in the 1960s was associated with the suspension of the anthropological crisis and the discontent in medicine through the reconciliation of holistic with technological and scientific practices. Medicine was supposed to be realigned through anthropology, social medicine and psychosomatics (in strict distinction from natural medicine); hierarchical structures at medical schools were supposed to be replaced by a department system according to the US-American model. The ideals of medical anthropology (Viktor von Weizsäcker) and university reform both were of major importance for the projects of medical academies in Hannover, Lübeck, and Ulm. Important actors in the foundation of medical academies like Fritz Hartmann (Hannover) and Thure von Uexküll (Ulm) were deeply influenced by medical anthropologist thought and, in the case of Uexküll, important protagonists of psychosomatics. The establishment of these medical academies in the 1960s was a complex project of university reform, medical anthropology, architecture, and city planning and therefore has to be analyzed in an integrative manner. Categories of Contemporary History like americanization, democratization, and modernization are able to describe aspects of planning like department system and teamwork, participation and strengthening of the middle level at medical schools, but they are not adequate to explain the importance of medical anthropology and holistic discourses.

在综合档案材料的基础上，该研究项目将揭示，20世纪60年代西德医学院校的建立与通过整体与技术和科学实践的和解，中止人类学危机和医学不满有关。医学应该通过人类学、社会医学和心身学（严格区别于自然医学）重新调整；按照美国模式，医学院的等级制度应该被院系制度所取代。医学人类学的理想（Viktor von Weizsäcker）和大学改革对汉诺威、列尔<s:1>贝克和乌尔姆的医学院校的项目都具有重要意义。Fritz Hartmann（汉诺威）和Thure von uexk<e:1>（乌尔姆）等医学学院的重要奠基者深受医学人类学家思想的影响，在uexk<e:1>的案例中，他们是心身学的重要倡导者。这些医学院校在20世纪60年代的建立是一个复杂的项目，涉及大学改革、医学人类学、建筑和城市规划，因此必须以综合的方式进行分析。像美国化、民主化和现代化这样的当代史范畴能够描述计划的各个方面，如院系制度和团队合作、参与和加强医学院的中级水平，但它们不足以解释医学人类学和整体话语的重要性。