Nonverbal islamophobic discrimination in public places: a field experimental study

公共场所的非言语伊斯兰恐惧症歧视：一项现场实验研究

• 批准号: 390018503
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Christian von Scheve, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Soziologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/390018503?language=en
• 关键词: Nonverbal; islamophobic; discrimination; public; places

In the aftermath of the ISIS attacks in Paris and Berlin, anti-Muslim sentiment appears to progress not only in France and Germany, but across Europe. In this context, islamophobia and discrimination against Muslims have become pressing issues regarding social cohesion and integration. Islamophobia has mainly been studied as a discursive or attitudinal phenomenon and discrimination against Muslims is evident from self-report and experimental studies. While these studies provide valuable insights into the prevalence and socio-economic consequences of Islamophobia and discrimination, we know very little about discriminatory behavior in everyday social encounters. Discrimination, understood as differential treatment suitably explained by the target's being a member of a socially salient group (e.g. Muslims), not only includes the withholding of resources such as jobs or housing, but also comprises less direct and more subtle forms of nonverbal behavior, such as gaze and facial expressions, that may convey depreciatory messages. The proposed project therefore aims at a better understanding of islamophobic discrimination in face-to-face social interactions and its individual and social repercussions. Using a field experimental design and an established helping request paradigm in metro stations in Berlin and Paris, the project first seeks to identify patterns of nonverbal behavior that are specific to social interactions with individuals wearing attire commonly associated with Islam, such as a hijab or djellaba. Second, also using a field experimental design in public places, the project aims at establishing whether these discriminatory patterns of behavior are in fact unfavorable because they are perceived as depreciatory and conveying negative emotions, irrespective of the withholding of valued resources. The project thus adds to the existing literature in that it provides insights into the social interactive dynamics of Islamophobia and discrimination against Muslims. The dissemination strategy will involve publishing technical and non technical articles, press releases to attract the attention of the media, and producing a dedicated theater piece to be performed in Paris and Berlin.

在ISIS袭击巴黎和柏林之后，反穆斯林情绪似乎不仅在法国和德国，而且在整个欧洲都在发展。在这方面，仇视伊斯兰教和歧视穆斯林已成为社会凝聚力和融合方面的紧迫问题。对仇视伊斯兰教的研究主要是作为一种话语或态度现象进行的，对穆斯林的歧视从自我报告和实验研究中显而易见。虽然这些研究为伊斯兰恐惧症和歧视的流行和社会经济后果提供了宝贵的见解，但我们对日常社会交往中的歧视行为知之甚少。歧视被理解为差别待遇，可以用目标是社会显著群体（如穆斯林）的成员来适当解释，不仅包括剥夺工作或住房等资源，而且还包括不那么直接和更微妙的非语言行为形式，如凝视和面部表情，这可能传达贬低的信息。因此，拟议的项目旨在更好地了解面对面社会交往中的仇视伊斯兰歧视及其对个人和社会的影响。使用现场实验设计和既定的帮助请求范例在柏林和巴黎的地铁站，该项目首先试图确定非语言行为的模式，是特定的社会交往与个人穿着通常与伊斯兰教有关的服装，如头巾或djellaba。第二，该项目还在公共场所使用实地实验设计，旨在确定这些歧视性行为模式是否实际上是不利的，因为它们被视为贬低和传达负面情绪，而不管有价值的资源是否被扣留。因此，该项目补充了现有的文献，因为它提供了对仇视伊斯兰教和歧视穆斯林的社会互动动态的见解。传播战略将包括发表技术和非技术文章、新闻稿以吸引媒体的注意，并制作一部专门的戏剧作品在巴黎和柏林演出。