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Social Selection in the Wild

野外社会选择

基本信息

批准号：
391379137
负责人：
Dr. Francesca Santostefano
金额：
--
依托单位：
Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Comportementale et Animale
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Fellowships
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2016-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/391379137?language=en
关键词：
Social Selection Wild

项目摘要

In all animal species, individuals interact with each other throughout their lifetime: courtship, competition, communication, and cooperation all involve social interactions. The characteristics of conspecifics, including how they behave, have substantial consequences on an individual’s survival and reproduction. The effect of conspecifics on an individuals’ fitness is termed social selection. Despite recent interest by behavioural ecologists in the evolutionary consequences of individual behavioural variation (‘personality’), the role of behaviour as an agent of social selection has been so far overlooked and rarely tested empirically in the wild.This project aims to test in an ecologically relevant contest whether behaviours of conspecifics do indeed impose social selection. I will do so on a wild population of Eastern chipmunks (Tamias striatus), part of a large scale quantitative genetic study in a field site in Québec, Canada. This project will provide an empirical test of how an individual’s fitness is shaped by the behaviours of conspecifics. The study will make use of a long term dataset to which I will add my own data collection. I will measure key behaviours (docility, exploration) and proxies of fitness (lifetime and annual reproductive success, adult annual survival), as well as map the spatial network of territories and social network of interactions between individuals. With molecular tools and paternity assignments methods (microsatellite analyses) I will estimate the relatedness between individuals in the population and build its pedigree. I will apply quantitative genetic tools, survival and spatial analyses to estimate the effect of the social environment (i.e. genotypes/phenotypes of conspecifics) on fitness, and the strength of such effects. Because the pattern of social interactions (who interacts with whom) is usually determined by the spatial distribution of individuals in the environment, I will also investigate how different behavioural phenotypes are distributed in space, i.e. if individuals choose their neighbours (disassortatively or assortatively). Findings from this project will show the importance of interactions among conspecifics as an agent of selection, and improve our understanding of social evolution in the wild.

在所有动物物种中，个体在其一生中都与彼此互动：求爱、竞争、交流和合作都涉及社会互动。同种生物的特征，包括它们的行为方式，对个体的生存和繁殖有着实质性的影响。同种特征对个体适合度的影响被称为社会选择。尽管最近行为生态学家对个体行为变异（“个性”）的进化结果很感兴趣，但行为作为社会选择代理人的作用迄今为止一直被忽视，而且很少在野外进行经验检验。这个项目的目的是在生态学相关的竞赛中测试同种动物的行为是否确实施加了社会选择。我将对东部花栗鼠（Tamias striatus）的野生种群进行这样的研究，这是在加拿大quamesbec的一个野外地点进行的大规模定量遗传研究的一部分。这个项目将提供一个关于个体的适合度是如何被同种个体的行为所塑造的实证检验。这项研究将利用一个长期的数据集，我将添加我自己的数据收集。我将测量关键行为（温顺，探索）和适合度的代理（一生和每年的繁殖成功，成年年存活率），以及绘制领土的空间网络和个体之间相互作用的社会网络。利用分子工具和亲子鉴定方法（微卫星分析），我将估计种群中个体之间的亲缘关系，并建立其谱系。我将运用定量遗传工具、生存和空间分析来估计社会环境（即同种物种的基因型/表型）对适应度的影响，以及这种影响的强度。因为社会互动的模式（谁与谁互动）通常是由环境中个体的空间分布决定的，我还将研究不同的行为表型是如何在空间中分布的，即如果个体选择他们的邻居（非分类或分类）。这个项目的发现将显示同种生物之间的相互作用作为选择的代理人的重要性，并提高我们对野外社会进化的理解。