Probing electron acceleration by fast kinetic guide-field magnetic reconnection using coherent solar radio emissions

磁场重联是将磁场最有效地转化为等离子体动能、热量和粒子加速到高能量的基本过程。它可能发生在所有磁化的天体物理等离子体中，包括恒星日冕。太阳耀斑中的重连可以通过电磁辐射进行远程探测。高能电子携带太阳耀斑期间释放的大部分能量，将其中一部分转化为可观测的电磁辐射。对于通过电磁辐射的重联的远程检测，磁重联的电子加速的理解是天体物理学的主要兴趣。另一方面，由高能电子引起的辐射，如III型太阳射电暴（SRB），打开了一条关于迄今为止尚未完全理解的快速天体物理重联过程的信息渠道。为此，我们必须理解由磁重联加速的电子产生相干辐射的物理学。与标准波-波等离子体发射不同，电子回旋脉塞（ECM）不稳定性引起的波-粒过程是另一种可能的机制，但现有理论存在缺陷。为了消除现有的ECM理论的不足之处，我们计划验证一个新的情况下的直接链接的磁重联和它的电子加速可观察到的无线电波的产生，通过自生不稳定Alfvenic等离子体波，通过全动力学粒子在细胞（PIC）代码模拟。我们的目标是在物理上理解的动力学磁场重联的基本过程，包括其与自生的小尺度湍流的相互作用。我们的数值模拟结果将与简化假设的理论预测进行验证。然后，我们将比较我们的结果与欧洲LOFAR，国际阿尔马望远镜，以及中国太阳成像与超宽光谱射电日像仪（MUSER）的太阳射电观测。对电子加速的研究还将有助于为欧洲太阳轨道器和中国先进天基太阳观测站（ASO-S）等未来空间任务的无线电和X射线观测做准备。因此，我们希望通过动力学数值模拟结合太阳耀斑的远程观测，朝着更好地理解磁重联、电子加速和相干无线电发射的产生迈出重要一步。

Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental process of the most efficient transfer of magnetic into plasma kinetic energy, heat and acceleration of particles to high energies. It presumably takes place in all magnetized astrophysical plasmas including stellar coronae. Reconnection in solar flares can be probed remotely by electromagnetic radiation. Energetic electrons carry a substantial portion of the energy released during solar flares transferring part of it to observable electromagnetic radiation. For the remote detection of reconnection via electromagnetic radiation the understanding of the electron acceleration by magnetic reconnection is of major interest for astrophysics in general. On the other hand radiation caused by energetic electrons, like type-III solar radio bursts (SRBs), opens a channel of information about the so far not well understood fast astrophysical reconnection processes. For this purpose one has to understand the physics of generation of coherent radiation by electrons accelerated by magnetic reconnection. Different from the standard wave-wave plasma emission, the wave-particle process due to an electron cyclotron maser (ECM) instability is another probable mechanism that has, however, shortcomings in the existing theory. To remove the deficiencies of the existing ECM theories we plan to verify a novel scenario of a direct link of magnetic reconnection and its electron acceleration to the generation of observable radio waves, via self-generated unstable Alfvenic plasma waves, by means of fully-kinetic Particle-in-Cell (PIC)-code simulations. We aim at a physical understanding of the underlying processes of kinetic magnetic reconnection including its interaction with the self-generated small-scale turbulence. Our numerical simulation results will be validated with theoretical predictions for simplified assumptions. We then are going to compare our results with solar radio observations by the European LOFAR, the international ALMA telescopes as well as by the Chinese Solar Imaging with the Mingantu Ultrawide SpEctral Radioheliograph (MUSER). The study of electron acceleration will also help to prepare radio and X-ray observations of future space missions like the European Solar Orbiter and the Chinese Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory (ASO-S). Thus, we want to make a significant step forward towards a better understanding of magnetic reconnection, electron acceleration and the generation of coherent radio emissions by kineticnumerical simulations in combination with remote observations of solar flares.