Regular Mass Spectrometric Aerosol Particle Measurements in the Upper Troposphere and Lowermost Stratosphere (AMS-CARIBIC 2)

对流层顶区的气溶胶粒子在大气物理和化学，即辐射强迫、卷云的形成和性质以及非均质化学中起着重要作用。然而，由于高技术和财政要求以及对流层顶的极端大气条件，对这些粒子的测量很少。在拟议项目的前体项目（AMS- caribbean）中，研制了一台气溶胶质谱仪（AMS），用于在欧洲研究基础设施iagos - caribbean （www.iagos.org）内定期测量汉莎航空飞机上的气溶胶颗粒。加勒比- ams进行了建造、测试、表征，并通过了所有要求的航空测试。该仪器已准备好在2017年5月进行首次测量飞行。虽然未来两年的飞行操作已经得到资助，研究基础设施将再运行12-15年，但在目前的后续项目中，我们希望评估各自的加勒比- ams数据，并在博士论文的过程中解决两个重要的科学问题。工作计划包括：-加勒比- ams每月飞行一次，共4次洲际航班；-建立自动化数据质量和数据分析程序，使仪器进入常规操作模式；-通过与已建立的离子束分析方法pxie和PESA进行比较，评估caribbean - ams数据；-研究暖传送带和深层对流云在气溶胶颗粒输送到对流层顶区域中的作用，包括颗粒化学物质的输送效率；-确定颗粒有机物质的起源和来源区域，使用全球大气模型ECHAM/凌乱模型解释测量数据。将对获得的测量数据进行评价，并通过iagos - caribbean数据库提供给科学界。

Aerosol particles in the tropopause region play an important role in atmospheric physics and chemistry, i.e. for radiative forcing, cirrus cloud formation and properties, and heterogeneous chemistry. However, due to the high technical and financial demands and the extreme atmospheric conditions at the tropopause, measurements of these particles are sparse. In the precursor project of the proposed project (AMS-CARIBIC), an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) was developed for regular measurements of aerosol particles onboard a Lufthansa aircraft within the European Research Infrastructure IAGOS-CARIBIC (www.iagos.org). The CARIBIC-AMS was constructed, tested, characterized, and passed all required aviation tests. The instrument is ready for its first measurement flight in May 2017. While the flight operation is already funded for the next two years, and the research infrastructure shall be operated for another 12-15 years, in the present follow-up project we want to evaluate the respective CARIBIC-AMS data and to address two important scientific questions in the course of a PhD thesis. The work plan includes to:- fly the CARIBIC-AMS once per month on four intercontinental flights;- establish automated data quality and data analysis procedures to bring the instrumentinto a routine operation mode;- evaluate the CARIBIC-AMS data by comparison with the established ion beam analysis methods PIXE and PESA;- investigate the role of warm conveyor belts and deep convective clouds for aerosol particle transport into the tropopause region, including the transport efficiency of particulate chemical species;- determine origin and source regions of particulate organic material, interpreting the measured data using model runs with the global atmospheric model ECHAM/MESSy.The obtained measurement data will be evaluated and will be made available to the scientific community via the IAGOS-CARIBIC database.