Studies on Development of Energy-Saving Techniques to Distribute Fruit and Vegetables at Low Temperature, and of Package Materials Suited for Environmental Preservation

蔬菜和水果的温度测量是研究预冷的重要手段。因此，我们试图通过对比热视频系统这一测量温度的新方法，来确定它与传统方法的特点。我们通过将带有视频系统的温度计与传统热电偶温度计相结合，来阐明不同类型蔬菜在真空冷却后的温度变化。我们测量了实际销售到市场的水果和蔬菜预冷后的温度变化，并根据测量数据提出了一种有效的运输包装方法。我们开发了一种预湿法来改善预冷法不能提供好的效果的萝卜。阐明了将包装糖霜应用于以聚苯乙烯形式容器包装的水果和蔬菜，比真空冷却方法降低成本，具有更大的节能效果。此外，我们还研究了水冷对长野县种植的西兰花的影响。我们澄清了如何绝热变化和冰的使用量是相关的，通过执行实验包装结冰与聚苯乙烯泡沫容器。在尝试开发防水纸板箱后，我们确定不可能在市场上销售，因为与流行的纸板箱不同，它们很难在国内重复使用。因此，我们不能进行水冷实验。纸板箱最常用作分发容器，不能用于水冷和包装结冰；因此，我们决定使用聚苯乙烯泡沫容器，并对其进行初步调查。

For the study of precooling, it is important to measure the temperature of vegetable and fruits. Thus, we attempted to determine features of the thermal video system, a new method of measuring temperature, by comparing it with the conventional methodWe clarified temperature changes in vegetables of various types after vacuum cooling, by using the combination of a thermometer with the video system and a conventional therm couple thermometer.We measured temperature changes after precooling, in fruit and vegetable which were actually being distributed to the market, and proposed an effective shipping packaging method based on the measured data. We developed a prewetting method to improve the effect on Japanese radishes with which the precooling method does not provide any good results.We clarified that package icing applied to fruit and vegetables packed in a polystirene form container reduces costs, has energy greater saving effects to the vacuum cooling method. Also, we investigated the effects of hydocooling on broccoli grown in Nagano Prefecture.We clarified how the adiabatic change and amount of ice used are related, by performing an experimental package icing with polystirene foam containers.After attempting to develop waterproof cardboard boxes, we determined that it is impossible to market them since, unlike popular cardboard boxes, they are difficult to reuse domestically. Accordingly, we could not conduct an experiment on hydrocooling. Cardboard boxes most commonly used as containers for distribution, cannot be used for hydrocooling and package icing ; thus, we determined that polystirene foam containers would be used instead, performing a preliminary investigation on them.