Studies on Development of Energy-Saving Techniques to Distribute Fruit and Vegetables at Low Temperature, and of Package Materials Suited for Environmental Preservation

在预冷研究中，果蔬温度的测量是一个重要的环节。为此，我们尝试了一种新的测温方法--热象法，并与传统的测温方法进行了比较，以确定其特点。我们利用热象测温仪与传统的热电偶测温仪相结合的方法，阐明了真空冷却后各种蔬菜的温度变化。我们测量了预冷后的温度变化，并根据实测数据提出了一种有效的运输包装方法。我们开发了一种预湿方法，以改善日本萝卜的效果与预冷却方法没有提供任何好的结果。我们澄清，包装结冰适用于水果和蔬菜包装在聚苯乙烯形式的容器降低成本，具有更大的节能效果的真空冷却方法。此外，我们还调查了长野县西兰花的冷冻效果，通过使用聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料容器进行包装结冰的实验，弄清了绝热变化与冰用量的关系。在尝试开发防水纸箱后，我们发现这种纸箱与普通纸箱不同，在国内难以再利用，因此无法上市销售。因此，我们无法进行水冷实验。最常用作分销容器的纸板箱不能用于水冷却和包装结冰;因此，我们决定改用聚苯乙烯泡沫容器，并对其进行初步调查。

For the study of precooling, it is important to measure the temperature of vegetable and fruits. Thus, we attempted to determine features of the thermal video system, a new method of measuring temperature, by comparing it with the conventional methodWe clarified temperature changes in vegetables of various types after vacuum cooling, by using the combination of a thermometer with the video system and a conventional therm couple thermometer.We measured temperature changes after precooling, in fruit and vegetable which were actually being distributed to the market, and proposed an effective shipping packaging method based on the measured data. We developed a prewetting method to improve the effect on Japanese radishes with which the precooling method does not provide any good results.We clarified that package icing applied to fruit and vegetables packed in a polystirene form container reduces costs, has energy greater saving effects to the vacuum cooling method. Also, we investigated the effects of hydocooling on broccoli grown in Nagano Prefecture.We clarified how the adiabatic change and amount of ice used are related, by performing an experimental package icing with polystirene foam containers.After attempting to develop waterproof cardboard boxes, we determined that it is impossible to market them since, unlike popular cardboard boxes, they are difficult to reuse domestically. Accordingly, we could not conduct an experiment on hydrocooling. Cardboard boxes most commonly used as containers for distribution, cannot be used for hydrocooling and package icing ; thus, we determined that polystirene foam containers would be used instead, performing a preliminary investigation on them.