A STUDY ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF THE SILK DRAWN BY THE SILKWORMS RAISED WITH ARTIFICIAL FEEDSTUFF

虽然迄今为止已经发表了许多关于如何养蚕的文章，但我们很遗憾地发现茧和蚕的心理特性。在本研究中，我们结合养蚕条件和蚕丝结构特点，明确了人工饲料养蚕蚕丝与天然桑叶养蚕蚕丝在蛋白质组成和化学结构上的相关性。作为样品，我们在饲料方面使用了“OKARA 50%含丝（OKARA 50丝或蚕丝）”、“主要是脱脂豆粉（标准饲料丝或蚕丝）”和“桑蚕茧丝（桑蚕茧丝）”这3种样品。其次，我们考察了上述丝绸的品质、纱线拉伸和易性、脱胶性能、丝胶蛋白、丝胶蛋白的氨基酸组成、晶体结构、结晶度、结晶率、多晶率、黄度等性能。研究结果表明：(1)OKARA 50丝绸具有脱胶率低、剥离率高、分枝少的特点。(2) OKARA 50丝素蛋白的氨基酸组成和晶体结构与生丝相差不大。(3) OKARA 50蚕丝的丝胶蛋白含量高于桑蚕生丝。(4) OKARA 50蚕丝中含有的丝胶蛋白具有极高的初始溶出度，约为。是生丝的2倍。得到了四种不同性质的可溶度。(5)在紫外线照射下，生丝的发黄率最高，OKARA 50的发黄率最低。据推测，与生丝相比，OKARA 50丝含有较多的脱氧胞苷单磷酸（dCMP）或胞苷酸（CMP），其所含的丝胶在第一次分度处约260nm处吸收紫外线，经过dCMP和CMP处理的生丝比未经过dCMP和CMP处理的生丝黄变较少。因此，人们已经承认dCMP和CMP在预防黄变中起了很大的作用。少

Although there have hitherto been published many on how to breed silkworms, we are sorry there mental properties of cocoons and silkworms.In this study, we have made clear the correlations between the composition of proteins as well as the chemical structure of the silk obtained from the silkworms raised with artificial feedstuff and those of the silk obtained from the silkworms raised with natural mulberry leaves in consideration of their raising conditions and the structural features of silk.As the samples, we used these 3 kinds of samples such as "OKARA 50% comprised silk (OKARA 50 silk or cocoon silk)", "Mainly de-fatted soybeans powder (Standard feedstuff silk or cocoons silk)", and "Mulberry bred cocoons silk (Mulberry bred cocoons silk)" in terms of feedstuff.Next, we have examined of such properties of the silks mentioned avove as the quality, yarns drawing workability, behavior in degumming, sericin, fibroin's amino acid composition, crystal structure, degree of crystallizatio … More n, and yellowing, etc.As the result of our study mentioned above, the followings have been made clear :(1) OKARA 50 silk has a low rate of degumming, a high rate of exfoliation, and less branched textile.(2) The fibroin's amino acid composition and crystal structure of OKARA 50 silk are found little different from those of raw silk.(3) The content of sericin of OKARA 50 silk is found more than that of mulberry raw silk.(4) The sericin comprised in OKARA 50 silk has an extremely high initial dissolution that is approx. 2 times that of raw silk. Four graduations whose dissoluble properties are different from each other have been obtained.(5) As for the yellowing to the irradition of ultra-violet rays, raw silk is found the most among them and OKARA 50 silk is found little. Such cause is guessed that OKARA 50 silk in comparison with raw silk has been detected of its comprising much such deoxycytidine mono phosphate (dCMP) or cytidylic acid (CMP) as absorbing ultraviolet rays around 260nm of the first graduation of the sericin comprised therein and that raw silk treated with dCMP and CMP in comparison with that not treated with them has been found less yellowing. Thus, it has been admitted that dCMP and CMP have taken much part in prevention of yellowing. Less