Memories on Atlantic Slavery. France and Spain, the French Caribbean and Cuba Compared, in the Context of Global Debates on the Commemoration of Slave Trade and Slavery

关于大西洋奴隶制的记忆。

• 批准号: 393718958
• 负责人: Privatdozentin Dr. Ulrike Schmieder
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Historisches Seminar
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/393718958?language=en
• 关键词: Memories; Atlantic; Slavery.; France; Spain

In the context of the global Cultural Heritage Boom, where local, national, and global politics of history and identity constructions are involved and intertwined with interests in cultural tourism, sites of memory of colonialism and slavery related with historical guilt and subsequent responsibility are a field of social conflicts. In the crisis year 2020 the tensions became visible in the global Black Lives Matter Movement and found their expression in the toppling of statues of enslavers and colonial conquerors.In the International Decade for People of African Descent (2015-2024) there is a debate in Europe and the former colonies in Africa and America, if, where and how slavery should be remembered, who should apologize to whom and who should indemnify whom. Societies discuss how to handle remnants of slavery, which monuments should be demolished or commented, which museums and memorials have to be established or reformed. If the coming to terms with recent dictatorships does not interfere with the remembrance of colonial times (Spain, Portugal), the controversies on the colonial past play a more important role in countries with a longer colonial history and many immigrants from their former colonies (England, France, Netherlands) than in Germany. Here, the disputes had concentrated for a long time on the handling of the Nazi past. In the last years the legacy of colonialism in Germany and the German involvement in Atlantic slavery attracted more attention.On the basis of the knowledge on slavery and post-emancipation, particularly on the French Caribbean island Martinique and former Spanish Cuba, the research is dedicated to the handling of historical remnants (plantations, manor houses, housing of the enslaved) and the establishment of sites of commemoration (memorials and museums) in France and Spain, the French Caribbean with focus on Martinique and Cuba. The dominant historiographical focus on the Anglophone space is overcome. Beside a survey and analysis of the sites of memory the project investigates their socio-cultural context. The central questions are which protagonists promoted the establishment of sites of memory, which protagonists tried to impede them, who uses the sites how and to which purpose, or ignore them and why. This research makes visible current power relations, (social and racist) inclusions and exclusions in the society which remembers or forgets. On selected places in Martinique and Cuba the counter-memories of descendants of the enslaved and their relation to the sites of memory shall be studied through Oral History methods. Interviews with experts and activists in the capitals and port towns of the former colonial powers France and Spain and in the Caribbean as well as documents from local archives and libraries provide further sources.

在全球文化遗产繁荣的背景下，涉及并与文化旅游业的利益，纪念殖民主义和奴隶制的遗址有关的地方，民族和全球政治与历史和后续责任相关的遗址是社会冲突领域。在2020年的危机中，紧张局势在全球黑人生命运动中变得可见，并在奴隶雕像和殖民地征服者的雕像中发现了它们的表达。在国际非洲血统人群（2015-2024）的国际十年中，在欧洲以及非洲和美国的前殖民地，应该在何处，谁应该对谁道歉，在欧洲以及以前的殖民地，谁应该是谁，谁应该是谁，谁应该是谁，谁应该对谁表示敬意。社会讨论了如何处理奴隶制的残余物，奴隶制应该被拆除或评论，必须建立或改革这些博物馆和纪念馆。如果与最近的独裁统治的关系不会干扰对殖民时代（西班牙，葡萄牙）的记忆，那么殖民过去的争议在殖民历史较长的国家中起着更为重要的作用，而来自其前殖民地（英格兰，法国，荷兰）的许多移民则比在德国中发挥了重要作用。在这里，纠纷已经集中在纳粹过去的处理上。 In the last years the legacy of colonialism in Germany and the German involvement in Atlantic slavery attracted more attention.On the basis of the knowledge on slavery and post-emancipation, particularly on the French Caribbean island Martinique and former Spanish Cuba, the research is dedicated to the handling of historical remnants (plantations, manor houses, housing of the enslaved) and the establishment of sites of commemoration (memorials and博物馆）在法国和西班牙，法国加勒比海地区，专注于马提尼克和古巴。克服了对英语空间的主要史学关注。除了对记忆地点的调查和分析外，该项目还研究了他们的社会文化背景。核心问题是主角促进了建立记忆站点，主角试图阻碍他们，谁使用网站的方式和目的，或者忽略它们以及原因。这项研究使当前的权力关系，（社会和种族主义）的包容性以及纪念或忘记的社会的排斥。在马提尼克岛和古巴的选定地方，应通过口述历史方法研究被奴役后代的反记忆及其与记忆部位的关系。前殖民力量法国和西班牙以及加勒比海地区以及当地档案馆和图书馆的文件的首都和港口城镇的专家和活动家的访谈提供了更多资料。