Regularities in Reading Times

读书时间的规律性

• 批准号: 397523278
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Sebastian Wallot, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Psychologie (IFP)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/397523278?language=en
• 关键词: Regularities; Reading; Times

The current project is concerned with predicting text comprehension from reading process measures. The process of skilled reading is usually marked by fast information processing, as well as a systematic coupling between reading process and text.The problem is, however, that reading speed has an ambiguous relationship to text comprehension, and reading speed components are not very predictive of text comprehension. Also, coupling between reading process and text is usually assessed by correlating process measures (response times, eye movements...) with linguistic text features (lexical, semantical, syntactical and coherence-related text descriptors...). However, the strength of this correlation varies systematically between different languages.The current project advances the hypothesis that reading time regularity (RTR) can serve as a new metric that predicts reading comprehension from reading process measures. RTR is based on statistical measures of the degree of regularity in a sequence (Recurrence Quantification Analysis, Permutation Entropy), such as time series measures of response times or eye movements during text reading. Particularly, it is hypothesized that RTR captures the coupling strength between reading process measures and linguistic text features. Further, it is hypothesized that the degree of this coupling strength is predictive of reading comprehension. Because the calculation of RTR does not entail linguistic features, but is based on reading process measures alone, it is hypothesized that RTR makes for a language-independent metric of reading process fluency.In the current proposal, three subprojects test the specific hypotheses that 1) RTR captures coupling between reading process and text, 2) RTR of the reading process predicts reading comprehension, and 3) RTR predicts comprehension invariantly across reading in different languages.Hypothesis 1 is investigated by comparing different reading conditions which are known to increase or decrease coupling between reading process and text (such as mindful vs. mindless reading, or speed reading vs. reading for comprehension). Hypothesis 2 is investigated by examining eye movements during text reading and using RTR of eye movements to predict reading comprehension performance. Hypothesis 3 is investigated by conducting a cross-language study of reading in Chinese, English, German, and Hebrew, relating RTR of eye movements to reading comprehension performance across these languages.Taken together, the proposed research aims at establishing RTR as language-invariant metric for fluent reading, based on how well readers are able to utilize relevant linguistic information during the reading process in a systematic manner.

目前的研究项目是从阅读过程的测量中预测语篇理解。熟练阅读的过程通常以快速的信息加工为标志，阅读过程与文本之间存在系统的耦合。但问题是，阅读速度与文本理解之间存在着模糊的关系，阅读速度成分对文本理解的预测性不强。此外，阅读过程和文本之间的耦合通常是通过关联过程测量(反应时间、眼球运动...)来评估的具有语言文本特征(词汇、语义、句法和连贯相关的文本描述符...)。然而，这种关联的强度在不同的语言之间存在着系统性的差异。本研究提出了阅读时间规律性(RTR)可以作为一种新的测量标准来预测阅读理解的假设。RTR是基于序列中规律性程度的统计度量(重复量化分析，置换熵)，例如文本阅读过程中的反应时间或眼动的时间序列度量。具体而言，该研究假设了阅读过程测量与语言文本特征之间的耦合强度。此外，还假设这种耦合强度的程度对阅读理解有预测作用。由于RTR的计算不涉及语言特征，而是仅基于阅读过程的测量，因此假设RTR是一种与语言无关的阅读过程流畅性的度量。在当前的建议中，三个子项目检验了具体的假设：1)RTR捕捉到阅读过程和文本之间的耦合，2)阅读过程的RTR预测阅读理解，3)RTR预测不同语言的阅读理解。假设1通过比较不同的阅读条件来研究阅读过程和文本之间的耦合(如有意识阅读和无头脑阅读，或速度阅读和阅读理解)。假设2通过检测文本阅读过程中的眼动，并使用眼动的RTR来预测阅读理解成绩。假设3通过对汉语、英语、德语和希伯来语阅读的跨语言研究，将眼动的RTR与这些语言的阅读理解成绩联系起来。综上所述，本研究旨在根据读者在阅读过程中系统地利用相关语言信息的能力，将RTR作为流利阅读的语言不变指标。