Processes of imparting and acquisition in museums – Types of pedagogical communication in personal guided tours in different museum types

虽然博物馆的教育任务已经被强调了40多年，但在私人导游的博物馆参观中，(知识)传授和获取/挪用的过程很少被探索。计划中的研究项目将审查成人导游是如何概念设计的，导游中可以观察到哪些传授操作，这些操作旨在并实现哪些学习过程，以及它们为游客带来了哪些(认知、动机、社会)体验。在第一项研究中，将对持有不同类型资格的导游进行专家访谈，目的是确定个人导游博物馆之旅的不同概念。在第二项研究中，将通过参与性观察和问卷调查分析(知识)传授和获取/挪用以及游客体验的过程。因此，将使用关于指南及其概念的对比方法。“教学传播”这一基于系统论的概念将为本研究提供理论框架。该项目将在博物馆个人导游的背景下，对(知识)传授和购置/挪用的结构进行详细说明和区分。该项目的目的是在有导游的博物馆之旅中确定教学传播的特点和不同教学类型的知识传授，以及它们对参观者的(潜在)教育影响。

Although the educational task of museums has been emphasized for over four decades, processes of (knowledge) imparting and acquisition/appropriation in personal guided museum tours are rarely explored. The planned research project will examine, how guided tours for adults are conceptually designed, which imparting operations can be observed in the guides, which learning processes are intended and enabled by these operations, and in which (cognitive, motivational, social) experiences they result for the visitors. In a first study, expert interviews with guides holding different types of qualifications will be conducted with the aim of identifying different concepts of personal guided museum tours. In a second study processes of (knowledge) imparting and acquisition/appropriation as well as visitor experiences will be analyzed through participatory observations and questionnaire surveys. Therefore a contrastive approach concerning the guides and their concepts will be used. The concept of “pedagogical communication”, a concept based on system theory, will provide the theoretical framework for the research. The project will result in a specification and differentiation of the constructs of (knowledge-)imparting and acquisition/appropriation in the context of personal guided museum tours. Aim of the project is to identify characteristic features of pedagogical communication and different pedagogical types of knowledge-impartation in the context of guided museum tours, as well as their (potential) educational impact on visitors.