ate of the nitrogen and sulfur in coal during carbonization and the effects of these heteroatoms on coal fluidity

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The evolution of HCN, NH3 and H2S during carbonization of seven caking coals has been studied mainly with a flow-type fixed bed quartz reactor to examine the influences of nitrogen and sulfur on coal fluidity. The formation of HCN or NH3 from the coals starts at about 400〓C, and each rate profile observed provides the main and shoulder peaks around 450 and 670〓C, respectively. On the other hand, H2S evolution takes place mainly around 450 and550〓C. Each coal used also shows a maximum value in fluidity (MF) around 450〓C. There is an almost linear correlationbetween the MF value and total amount of HCN, NH3 or H2S released up to 450〓C. The addition of a commercial indole to an Australian bituminous coal can enhance the MF value at largest by a factor of about 1.3.