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Crucial factors controlling the formation of halogenated organic compounds during high-temperature combustion proc esse s

高温燃烧过程中控制卤代有机化合物形成的关键因素

基本信息

批准号：
21681008
负责人：
TSUBOUCHI Naoto
金额：
$ 16.56万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University (2011)Tohoku University (2009-2010)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2009 至 2011
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Six dust samples recovered from bag filters of electric arc furnaces for steelmaking or six fly ashes recovered from electrostatic precipitators in pulverized coal-fired power plants are characterized by use of XRD, SEM-EPMA, XPS and TPD techniques to examine several factors controlling the formation of organic halogen compounds in the steelmaking or coal combustion process, respectively. The dust samples contain 2. 1-6. 4 wt%-dry of carbon element, and some of the C can release CO_2 in the TPD up to 300℃to provide carbon active sites. The number is related closely to hexachlorobenzene(HCB) concentration of each dust. Further, it is suggested that the Zn present in the samples consists of ZnFe_2O_4, ZnO and surface ZnCO_3, and the dust with a larger content of the ZnCO_3 has a higher concentration of HCB. On the other hand, the ashes include 20-130цg/gg-dry and 0. 5-4. 2 wt%-dry of F and C elements, respectively, and these components are enriched at the outermost layer of the ash surface. The F consists of both inorganic and organic functionalities, and the proportion of the latter is as high as 84-93 mol%. The C has different types of surface oxygen species, such as carboxyl, lactone/acid anhydride and phenolic groups, and most of these groups decompose into CO_2 or CO up to 800℃to give carbon active sites. When the amount of the O-functional forms increases, the content of organic CF forms tends to increase almost linearly.

利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜-电子探针、X射线光电子能谱和热重分析技术，对6个炼钢电弧炉布袋除尘样品和6个煤粉电除尘器回收飞灰样品进行了表征，分别考察了炼钢和燃煤过程中有机卤化物生成的几个控制因素。尘埃样本的含量为2.1-6。4wt%-干燥的碳元素，一些C可以在TPD中释放高达300℃的CO_2，提供碳的活性中心。这一数值与粉尘中的六氯苯(HCB)浓度密切相关。结果表明，粉尘中的锌主要由锌铁氧化物、氧化锌和表面碳酸锌组成，碳酸锌含量越高，六氯苯含量越高。另一方面，灰烬包括20-130Gg/ц-Dry和0。5比4。2wt%-F和C元素分别干燥，这些组分在火山灰表面的最外层浓缩。F由无机官能团和有机官能团组成，其中有机官能团的比例高达84-93%。C具有不同类型的表面氧物种，如羧基、内酯/酸酐和酚基，这些基团大多分解为高达800℃的CO_2或CO，从而获得碳的活性中心。随着O-官能团含量的增加，有机碳纤维的含量几乎呈线性增加。