Are bacterial outer membrane vesicles carriers for bacterial signals among different species

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Gram-negative bacteria naturally secrete sphere shaped vesicles that are approximately 50 to 250 nm. These vesicles are mainly composed of cellular outer membrane and hence called membrane vesicles (MVs). MVs are related to the pathogenesis of several bacterial pathogens where they function as a cargo for virulence factors against their host. MVs also play important role in the bacterial ecology by functioning in the competition against other cells, or on the other hand, by carrying signaling molecules to support the cooperative behaviors of bacteria. In addition, it is proposed that MVs are involved in cell material transfer among bacterial cells. While MVs have great impact on the bacterial physiology, the biogenesis of MVs is not fully understood. Here, we investigated that bacterial outer membrane vesicles include a role as a carrier of bacterial signals among different species.