Studies on cardiac arrest and restart mechanisms during gamete release in salmon

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In order to clarify cardiac arrest and restart mechanisms during gamete release in salmon, carbocyanine fluorescent dyes (DiI) was used to observe electrical conduction system of the chum salmon heart. It was found that the vagus nerve (parasympathetic nervous) was innervated from the visceral branch to the cardiac branch. During sperm release of male rainbow trout, which is a multiple spawner species, the ventricular fibrillation was recorded by electrocardiogram data-logger suggesting that the cardiac arrest occur not only semelparous species but also polytelic species. The cardiac arrest during gamete release in salmon was considered to the similar phenomena of the vasovagal response in human being that was caused by strong pain stimulating the vasomotor center in the brain via the afferent branch of the vagus nerve, and then decreased the heart rate.