Developmental study of laser scan fluorescence microscope for objective diagnosis and screening of cancer cells

在病理标本中引入客观参数对人类癌细胞的诊断具有重要意义。原因有两方面。一是为了提高诊断的可靠性，二是为了方便将来将机械手段引入癌症患者的筛查。探讨了核DNA测定和细胞定量形态学分析在客观鉴别癌细胞中的意义。在本研究中，我们尝试开发激光扫描荧光显微镜，实现同时测定DNA数量和形态参数，这对病理学家客观诊断癌细胞有很大帮助。在奥林巴斯公司的研究工程师的合作下，我们建造了激光显微镜的测量仪器（LSM-1和2），并测试了光学系统，激光束扫描机制，如何采集数据，如何在计算机上处理数据，并于1960年向奥林巴斯订购了LSM-G（第三台机器）。1961年，我们使用HP-IB接口总线将LSM-G与32位台式计算机（HP9520）连接，并开发了软件“image -9”以最有效地驱动该系统。结果，我们发现；由于光束质量好，光束尺寸小，分辨率得到了显著提高。2 .可获得可靠的定量数据；利用共聚焦系统，可以实现显微层析成像。这些优势将为癌症诊断带来显著的进步。

It is important to introduce objective parameters into diagnosis of human cancer cells in pathological specimens. The reason is two-fold. One is to increase reliability of the diagnosis and the other is to facilitate future introduction of mechanical means into screening of cancer patients.We have investigated significance of nuclear DNA determination and quantitative morphological analysis of cells in objective identification of cancer cells. In the present study, we attempted to develop laser scan fluorescence microscope to realize simultaneous determination of DNA quantity and morphological parameters that are of great help for pathologists in objective diagnosis of cancer cells.In cooperation of Research Engeneers of the Olympus Co., we constructed survey instruments of the laser microscope (LSM-1 and-2) and tested optic system, mechanism of scanning of laser beam, how to take data, how to process the data in computer, and in 1960 we ordered LSM-G (the third machine) to the Olympus.In 1961, we connect this LSM-G with a 32 bit desk top computer(HP9520) using HP-IB interface bus and developed a software "IMAG-9" to drive this system most efficiently. As the result, we found that;1. resolution is dramatically improved due to good quality of the laser beam and small size of the beam, 2. reliable quatitative data can be obtained, and 3. using confocal system, microtomography can be realized. These advantages will bring remarkable progress in cancer diagnosis.