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New assessment of small and large airway responsiveness to inhalation aerosol

小气道和大气道对吸入气溶胶反应性的新评估

基本信息

批准号：
60870031
负责人：
TAKISHIMA Tamotsu
金额：
$ 5.12万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To examine the role of small and large airway responsiveness to inhalation aerosols, we developed a new system which continuously measures both pulmonary resistance (R1) and frequency dependence of dynamic compliance (Cdyn.f.), calculated by Fourier-series analysis of flow and transpulmonary pressure in a single-cycle of breathing. R1 was obtained from fundamental harmonics. Cdyn.f was calculated from the linear regression line obtained from the fundamental to the third hermonics, and Cdyn at 0.5 Hz ( <C_(0.5)> ) and Cdyn at 0 Hz ( <C_0> ) were obtained. In house dust allergen inhalation, we observed that in some asthmatic patients the decrease in <C_0> and <C_(0.5)> preced the increase in R1 or <C_0> and <C_(0.5)> decreased progressively even if R1 did not change significantly. In some asthmatic subjects, after <beta_2> stimulant aerosol inhalation <C_0> and <C_(0.5)> continued to increase even after R1 decreased to minimum value. These results mean that small airway response to house dust aerosol may be earlier than the large airway response, and that <beta_2> stimulant aerosol may first dilate the large airway and then continue to dilate the small airways. Furthermore, we studied measurement of the amount of aerosol deposition in the airways using a laser scattering method. However, we could not yet establish the continuous measurement of the amount of aerosol deposition in the airways during two years. Further studies are needed.

为了检测大小气道对吸入气雾剂的反应性，我们开发了一种新的系统，通过对单次呼吸周期中的流量和跨肺压力的傅立叶级数分析，连续测量肺阻力(R1)和动态顺应性的频率依赖性(Cdyn.f.)。R_1由基波得到。由基频到三次谐波的线性回归直线计算Cdyn.f，得到0.5赫兹的Cdyn(&lt；C0.5&gt；)和0 Hz的Cdyn(&lt；C0&gt；)。在屋尘变应原吸入试验中，我们观察到，在某些哮喘患者中，即使在R1没有明显变化的情况下，&lt；C_0&gt；和&lt；C_(0.5)&gt；的降低先于r1或&lt；C_0&gt；和&lt；C_(0.5)&gt；递减。在部分哮喘受试者中，吸入刺激性气雾剂后，R_1降至最小值后，C_0和C_(0.5)继续升高。这些结果表明，小气道对室内粉尘的反应可能早于大气道的反应，而刺激性气雾剂可能先扩张大气道，然后继续扩张小气道。此外，我们还研究了用激光散射法测量气溶胶在呼吸道中的沉降量。然而，我们还不能建立连续测量两年内呼吸道中气溶胶沉降量的方法。还需要进一步的研究。