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Studies on the dwarfing cultivation of peach tree

桃树矮化栽培研究

基本信息

批准号：
61860004
负责人：
SHIMAMURA Kazuo
金额：
$ 5.06万
依托单位：
Okayama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1986 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. Peach trees on Prunus tomentosa (dwarfing rootstock) require relevant tending and triming of new shoots. The most important triming in a central leader system might be cutting (cutting back) new shoots appeared laterally from the main stem in the first year. Secondary shoots appeared by the stimulation of the cutting. When this treatment was made properly, the trees yielded 8kg/tree in the second year and 2.6ton/10are in the third year when they attained a target figure of 3m tall.2. The root of peach trees on P.tomentosa(RPP) contained more mineral nutrinets in winter than those on P.persica, but the absorption of nutrients in RPP was very inactive after blooming atage in a gravel culture. When RPP was provided more nutrients at the stage in a sand culture, new shoots became more vigorous and the fruit growth was promoted. However, fruit maturation delayed and the sugar content declined. On the other hand, when RPP was given less nutrients from the early stage of maturing, the fruits matured early and their sugar contents increased. In practical growing, it is necessary to give enough nutirients at the early stage and to reduce soil nutrients at the maturing stage.3. In case of 'Sanyo Suimitsu' the degree of astringency correlated positively with total phenol content in the fruit. The cultivars in which astringency tends to appear often, the fruits from trees on P.tomentosa and on P.japonica contained more phenol than that from trees on P.persica. Phenol content increased by girdring, drought and low femperatures at the third stage of fruit growth.4. It seems that the problem of replant failure occurs when P.japonica and P.tomentosa are used as rootstocks for peach.

1.桃树上的毛樱桃（矮化砧木）需要相关的护理和修剪新梢。在中央先导系统中，最重要的修剪可能是在第一年从主茎侧面出现的新枝。在扦插的刺激下，出现了次生枝。当处理得当时，第二年单株产草量为8kg，第三年达到3m株高时，单株产草量为2.6t.在砾石栽培条件下，毛桃树根系在冬季比桃树根系含有更多的矿质营养元素，但开花后毛桃树根系对矿质营养元素的吸收非常不活跃。砂培阶段，增加RPP的营养供给，可使新梢生长旺盛，促进果实生长。但果实成熟延迟，含糖量下降。另一方面，当RPP从成熟早期开始给予较少的营养时，果实成熟早，含糖量增加。在实际种植中，应在种植初期给予足够的养分，成熟期减少土壤养分.在“三洋水光”的情况下，涩味的程度与果实中的总酚含量呈正相关。在容易出现涩味的品种中，毛白杨和日本白杨果实中酚类物质含量高于白桃。在果实生长的第三阶段，环剥、干旱和低温均使酚含量增加.以毛白杨和日本杨作桃砧木，似乎存在着移栽失败的问题。