Introduction of Artifitial Translocator into Plasma membrane in Cultured Human Cell-Line

细胞被生物膜包围，生物膜通过特定的转运子渗透特定的底物。因此，即使是培养的细胞，也难以通过改变额外的培养基来控制细胞条件。我们试图通过两种方法来控制细胞的能量状态。首先，我们尝试分离缺乏氧化磷酸化的突变细胞系。其次，我们尝试通过引入操纵基因来引入人工转运蛋白;在这种情况下，我们使用ADP/ATP转运蛋白与靶向质膜的逆转录病毒包膜蛋白的融合蛋白。通过多次实验，获得以下结果：1）为了便于ATP浓度的检测，利用从嗜热菌中纯化的热稳定质子转运ATP酶制备了ATP传感器; 2）从线粒体肌病患者中建立了细胞色素C氧化酶缺陷细胞系。细胞存活受氧化磷酸化底物的调控。3）从丙酮酸脱氢酶缺陷患者中建立了丙酮酸脱氢酶缺陷细胞系。4）用视黄醇处理HL-60细胞，制备线粒体缺陷细胞。5）克隆人ADP/ATP转运蛋白cDNA并测序; 6）将ADP/ATP转运蛋白cDNA与逆转录病毒SV 40启动子下的囊膜基因融合。将构建的基因转染小鼠成纤维细胞。由此产生的裂缝是不稳定的，无法维持。因此，直接连接新霉素抗性基因，然后转染HeLa细胞。实验正在进行中。

A cell is surrounded by biomembranes, which permeate specific substrates via specific translocators. Therefore, even if the cultured cell, it is hard to control the cellular conditions by changing the extra culture medium. We have attempted to control the cellular energy state by two methods. First, we have tried to isolate the mutant cell lines which are deficient in oxidative phosphorylation. Second, we have tried to incorporate an artificial tanslocator by introducing the manipulated gene; in this case, we use a fusion protein of ADP/ATP translocator with a retro virus envelop protein, which target plasma membrane. The following results were obtained by several trials.1) To detect the ATP concentration easily, an ATP sensor was made by using thermo-stable proton translocating ATPase purified from a thermophilic bacterium.2) The cytochrome C oxidase deficient cell line were established from a patient with mitochondrial myopathy. The cell survive could be controlled by substrate for oxidative phospholylation.3) The pyruvate dehydrogenase deficient cell line was established from a patient with its deficiency. The defective gene were analyzed in detail.4) The mitochondrial deficient cell were made by treating the human promyelocytic leukemia cell HL-60 with retinol. In addition, the gene expression of mitochondrial proteins were also examined by Northern blotting method.5) The human cDNA encoding ADP/ATP translocator was cloned and sequenced.6) The ADP/ATP translocator cDNA was fused to a retro virus envelop gene under SV40 promoter. The constructed gene was transfected into mouse fibroblast cells. The resulting transformant was unstable and could not be maintained. Therefore, neomycin resistant gene was connected directly and then transfected to HeLa cells. The experiment is just on the way.