運転免許の返納時期と都市・交通環境による高齢者の活動への影響

驾照返还时间和城市/交通环境对老年人活动的影响

• 批准号: 22K14347
• 负责人: 鈴木 雄
• 金额: $ 2.83万
• 依托单位: Tokyo University of Science
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-22K14347/
• 关键词: 免許返納; 高齢者; 健康; 活動状況

本研究は，都市・交通環境を考慮した運転免許返納の最適な時期を示す指針の提案を目的とする．どのような都市・交通環境にある高齢者が，どの段階で免許を返納した際に，免許返納後の新しい交通手段への転換ができるのか，外出などの活動頻度にはどのような影響が出るのか，返納前後で健康状態は変化するのか，などについて明らかにする．免許返納の時期や都市・交通環境による健康状態や活動への影響を示すために，同一人物に対する複数年の追跡調査（縦断的な調査）を行う．本年度は，免許返納した高齢者と免許を保有している高齢者の健康状況や活動状況，免許返納の時期によるそれらへの影響を明らかとするために，アンケート調査を行った．この結果により，1年目の横断的な分析に加え，2年目以降の継続モニターの抽出を行った．免許返納した高齢者781人、免許を保有している高齢者103人のアンケートの回収を行った．また，2年目以降の継続モニターの募集もできた．アンケート調査の結果から，免許返納した高齢者について，免許返納の時期や都市・交通環境と健康状態との構造を示すために，共分散構造分析を行った．その結果，都市・交通環境に不満がある人がフレイル状態である可能性が高いこと，都市交通環境への主観的不満と主観的不満が相互関係であること，客観的都市交通環境（スーパーマーケットや病院，バス停の利用しやすさ）の悪い人が免許返納の時期が遅いことなどを示している．また，免許返納の時期が早い人ほどフレイル状態になっていないことや，免許返納の時期が早い人ほど活動能力指標が高いことなども示している．このことにより，ある程度都市・交通環境が整っている人は早めに運転免許の返納を行うことで，新しい生活や交通に慣れ，健康状態も確保できる可能性が示唆された．これらの結果について，2年目以降の継続調査から，より詳しい影響の把握を行う．

In this study, in the urban traffic environment test, the most recent period indicates that the purpose of the proposal is to indicate the purpose of the proposal. for those in the urban traffic environment, please do not allow the return of the urban traffic environment, avoid the return of the new means of transport after the return, and go out to visit the activities of the city. Before and after the return, the health status will be changed, and the health status will be cleared. During the return period, the health status activity in the urban traffic environment will not be displayed, and the same person will be asked to track the health status for several years. This year, people who return to high levels will not be allowed to keep the health status of those with high levels of health. During the return cycle period, please do not allow the return cycle to register. The results show that the analysis of the cross section in 1 year is added, and that in 2 years is reduced. 781 people are allowed to return to the market, 103 people are exempted from the purchase price, and 103 people are allowed to keep it. The results show that the health status of the urban traffic environment during the return period is not affected by the health status of the urban traffic environment during the return period. the results show that the health status of the urban traffic environment is highly likely to be affected by the urban traffic environment. In the urban traffic environment, people in the urban traffic environment are not allowed to do so during the return period, and those in the urban traffic environment of the main owner of the urban traffic environment, and the urban traffic environment of the passenger. Do not allow early morning workers to be allowed to return during the rush hour, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return period, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return period, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return period, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return period, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return time period, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return period, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return period, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return period, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return period, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return time period, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return period, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return period, the activity ability index of the morning workers, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return period, the activity ability index of the morning workers, the activity ability index of the morning workers during the return period, and the possibility of health status protection. The results of the tests show that the For 2 years, you will have a good grasp of your actions.