Development of novel Immunosynbiotics with wakame utilizing immunobiotics and immunogenics

畜牧业生产中过度使用抗生素引起的抗生素耐药性已经成为一个严重的问题，因此需要有效的替代品。一种很有前景的抗生素替代品是“免疫合生素”，一种免疫生素和免疫益生元的组合。海藻裙带菜被认为是一种免疫益生元，唾液乳杆菌是从食用裙带菜的猪的肠道中分离出来的一种免疫益生菌。研究发现，在猪饲料中添加裙带菜可以改善猪的免疫反应，改变猪大肠中的微生物群。使用裙带菜作为饲料补充也可以为宫城县在2011年东北地震后的经济复苏提供替代选择。今年，本研究取得了三个成果：(1)在之前的研究中选择的8株乳酸菌在添加B族维生素的wakamamybroth中能够更好地生长。比较基因组分析表明，菌株间的差异与其对裙带菜的利用能力不同有关。(2)一株对猪肠上皮细胞具有粘附能力的菌株能够在有裙带菜存在的模拟胃液中存活，这是因为裙带菜中的纤维能够保护细胞免受恶劣的酸性环境。(3)生长和储存条件对乳酸菌的特性有不同的影响，特别是高温和低温胁迫下，确定了所选菌株的培养条件。在未来的研究中，将为确定的培养条件下的菌株提供体内研究。

Antibiotic resistance caused by the overuse of antibiotics in livestock production has been a severe problem, leading to the need for effective alternatives. A promising alternative to antibiotics is the "immunosynbiotics," a combination of immunobiotics and immunoprebiotics. The seaweed wakame is considered an immunoprebiotic, and L. salivarius is an immunobiotic, isolated from the intestine of wakame-fed pigs. Adding wakame to pig feed has been found to improve the immune response and alter the microbiota in the porcine large intestine. Using wakame as a feed supplement could also provide an economic recovery alternative in Miyagi prefecture after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. This year, three results were achieved in this study:(1)Eight lactobacilli strains selected in previous studies were able to grow better in wakame-based broths with the addition of B vitamins. The comparative genomic analysis revealed that the differences between the strains were related to their different wakame utilizing abilities.(2)One strain that had adhesion ability to porcine intestinal epithelial cells could survive under the simulated gastric juice in the presence of wakame because the fiber in wakame could protect the cells from the severe environment of acid.(3)The growth and storage conditions have various effects on the characteristics of lactic acid bacteria, especially high-temperature and low-temperature stress The incubation condition of the selected strain was determined. In future research, the strain under determined incubation conditions will be provided for the in vivo study.