Narrating secularization. Studies on the beginning and the end of the narrative scheme of secularization in Scandinavian literature 1900/2000

“世俗化”通常意味着从一个基于宗教的社会过渡到一个基于世俗合法性的社会。在1900年至2000年期间，这一概念的可解释性对于欧洲社会的自我解释具有重要意义。这个项目是基于这样一种观察，即在过去的15年里，无论是科学界还是公众的讨论中，这种明显性都在减少，尤其是由于伊斯兰原教旨主义的日益强大，以及最近的难民潮。在这场关于世俗化概念的危机中，文学研究开辟了新的视角：目前重新评估宗教与社会关系的努力表明，世俗化不是一个不可避免的历史进程，而是一个具体的叙事方案，因此涉及一种文化上确立的规则体系。此外，通过这个规则系统，我们能够组织不同的个体元素，以获得共同的叙事意义。因此，叙事方案提供了一个解释框架，组织个人和集体的经验，以创造一个令人信服的叙述。因此，为了充分反思当前的社会和政治挑战，有必要更好地理解世俗化的叙事方案及其危机。本项目希望通过分析时代的两个终点，即叙事方案尚未找到规范形式的时刻，以及它即将溶解的时刻。该项目希望在斯堪的纳维亚文学史的背景下做出自己的贡献：因此，它是要调查如何从丹麦，挪威或瑞典的文学参与了塑造和实施的叙事计划，并在解散或重组自2000年以来：哪些声音阐明了叙事计划和立场，通过这些声音得到加强？文化自我阐释的具体文学方法有哪些？在叙事模式确立的阶段，文学文本使用了什么逻辑，以使其可信或发展替代方案？在最近的范式危机中，文学文本提出了什么样的质疑，它们又导致了什么样的辩护策略？本研究的目的在于探讨1900年前后的叙事世俗化，B）2000年前后的叙事世俗化，这两个共时性的子研究将由一个历时性的研究来补充，即c）圣诞节叙事（1800年至今）;在第三项研究中，圣诞节被视为一种现象，可以帮助我们理解世俗的自我，在过去的200年里，对北方欧洲社会的解释发生了变化。通过其真正的文学方法，该项目将有助于重新评价我们如何谈论宗教的时候，基本的叙事方案，已经履行了这一功能，到目前为止，已经进入了一个危机状态。

'Secularization' commonly means the transition from a society based on religion to one based on secular legitimation. Between 1900 and 2000 the plausibility of the concept was significant for a self-interpretation of European societies. The project is based on the observation that this obviousness has dwindled over the last 15 years for both the scientific and the public discussions, not least due to the increasingly strong fundamentalist Islam and, most recently, the waves of refugees.In this crisis concerning the concept of secularization, literary studies open up new perspectives: current attempts to re-evaluate the relationship between religion and society have shown that secularization is not an inevitable historic process but rather a specific narrative scheme and thus about a culturally established rule system. Moreover, through this rule system we are able to organize different individual elements in order to derive a shared narrative meaning. As such, the narrative scheme provides an interpretive framework for organizing individual and collective experience in order to create a convincing narration. Therefore, in order to adequately reflect on the current social and political challenges, it is necessary to gain a better understanding of the narrative scheme of secularization and its crisis.The proposed project wants to make a contribution to this by analyzing the two end-points of the era which will be the moment in which the narrative scheme has not found its canonical form yet, as well as the moment in which it is about to dissolve. The project wants to make its contribution in the context of Scandinavian literary history: Thus, it is to be investigated how literature from Denmark, Norway, or Sweden took part in shaping and implementing the narrative scheme around 1900 and in dissolving or reorganizing it since 2000: Which voices articulate the narrative scheme and which positions are strengthened through these voices? Which specific literary methods of cultural self-interpretation have been used? What logics did literary texts use during the phase when the narrative scheme was established in order to make it credible or to develop alternatives? What doubts do literary texts raise and to which defense strategies do they lead during the recent crisis of the paradigm?The project aims to cover three fields: a) narrating secularization around 1900, b) narrating secularization around 2000; the two synchronic subprojects will be complemented by a diachronic study on c) narrating Christmas (1800 to this day); in the third study Christmas is perceived as a phenomenon that can help us to comprehend how the secular self-interpretation of Northern European societies has changed over the last 200 years.Through its genuine literary approach this project will contribute to the re-evaluation of how we speak about religion at a time in which the fundamental narrative scheme that has fulfilled this function so far has entered a state of crisis.