Development of A New Type Extracorporeal Micro-explosive Lithotripter

新型体外微爆冲击波碎石机的研制我们研制了一种新型的免水浴式体外微爆冲击波碎石机，它具有一个椭球反射镜，在人体和冲击波发生器之间有一个橡胶膜。其次，我们利用二次曝光全息干涉术成功地实现了冲击波聚焦的可视化。为了研究超声仪器位于冲击波传播路径上时冲击波的传播情况，用超级计算机模拟了第二个病灶周围的压力分布。压力分布无明显变化，以使结石破裂。并且从我们使用明胶的实验中，它适用于由冲击波在气泡中诱导的微液体射流可能损伤组织。为了研究体内胆结石的破坏，将人胆结石、肾结石或模型结石植入杂种狗的胆囊中。然后对每只动物进行50-200次微爆（AgNO_3 10 mg）。每颗结石都被分解成一些碎片。尸检显示，除了轻度肺出血外，腹膜腔没有异常发现。但在500例电击聚焦的情况下，导致肝和肺的包膜下轻度出血。通过这些实验，本机有望在临床上一次性应用200次以下的冲击波进行胆石的粉碎。

Development of a New Type Extracorporeal Micro-explosive Biliary LithotripterWe developed a new type water-bath-free extracorporeal micro-explosive shock wave lithotripter having an ellipsoidal reflector with a rubber membrane between human body and shock wave generator. next, we successed the visualization of the shock wave focusing using double exposure hologaraphic interferometry. In order to see how shock wave may be conducted when the ultrasonography apparatus exists on the shock wave path, wa simulated the pressure distribution around the second focus by a supercomputer. There was no significant change in the pressure distribution in order to distroy gallstones. And from our experiment using gelatin, it applies that the micro-liquid jet induced in an air bubble by a shock wave may damage tissue. To investigate the gallstone destruction in vivo, human gallstones, kidney stones, or model calculi were implanted into the gallbladder of mongral dogs. Then the micro-explosion (AgNO3 10mg) was conducted 50-200 times for each animal. Each gallstone was desructed into some fragments. Autopsy revealed no abnormal findings in the peritoneal cavity except for mild lung bleeding. But in the case of 500 shockfocusings resulted subcapsular mild bleeding in the liver and lung bleeding. That is to say, we must apply minimal and most effective shock focusing to destroy gallstones.With these experiments, this machine may be useful for gallstone disingegration clinically under 200 shock wave applications in one treatment.