Dying a dog's death?Converging and diverging ethical discourses in human and veterinary medicine about the end of life care for humans and pets and some consequences for the relations between medical and animal ethics

狗的死亡？人类和兽医医学中关于人类和宠物临终关怀的伦理话语的趋同和分歧，以及对医学和动物伦理之间关系的一些影响

• 批准号: 409603981
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Peter Kunzmann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Tierhygiene, Tierschutz und Nutztierethologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/409603981?language=en
• 关键词: Dying; dog; death; Converging; diverging

In research and therapy, human and veterinary medicine are closely interlinked. However, this hardly applies to the ethical discussions about the appropriate use of the available diagnostics, medicines or techniques in human and veterinary medicine. This is surprising, since pets have become so-called "members of the family”. It is furthermore presumed that experiences with sick and dying animals may have an influence on treatment decisions in human medicine (and vice versa).The project investigates the relation of moral and ethical issues in human and veterinary medicine using the example of treatment decisions at the end of life. Firstly, this is examined at the level of descriptive ethics: How does experience in handling moribund pets contribute to therapy decisions for humans? To what extent do moral premises of human medicine turn up again in the treatment of dying animals? Secondly, this is examined at the level of normative ethics: To which principles, goods and values do ethical discourses in animal and human medicine refer in the same way? What may be the difference? Is it fundamental or in detail? To what extent are concepts such as dignity or humanity used metaphorically, analogically, univocally, etc.? Thirdly, this is examined at the level of metaethics: How are the disciplines of medical ethics and animal ethics related? Are they two branches of one single bioethics? Are they two largely independent domains of applied ethics? What does this mean for the understanding of medical or clinical, animal and environmental ethics? The delineation and intermeshing of concepts and contents in animal and medical ethics are exemplarily demonstrated for the end-of-life decisions. Convergent, divergent or time-shifted developments in morality, normative ethics and metaethics are identified. The investigations will contribute to the understanding of different appraisals in the field of morality, clinical ethics counseling, moral philosophy, etc.

在研究和治疗方面，人类医学和兽医学密切相关。然而，这几乎不适用于关于在人类和兽医学中适当使用现有诊断、药物或技术的伦理讨论。这是令人惊讶的，因为宠物已经成为所谓的“家庭成员”。此外，还假设与生病和垂死动物的经历可能会影响人类医学的治疗决策（反之亦然）。该项目以生命结束时的治疗决策为例，研究人类医学和兽医学中道德和伦理问题的关系。首先，这是审查的描述性伦理学的水平：如何处理濒死的宠物的经验有助于人类的治疗决策？人类医学的道德前提在多大程度上再次出现在垂死动物的治疗中？其次，这是在规范伦理学的水平：哪些原则，商品和价值观做伦理话语在动物和人类医学以同样的方式参考？可能有什么不同？是基本的还是细节的？尊严或人性等概念在多大程度上是隐喻性、类比性、单一性使用的？第三，这是在元伦理学的水平上进行审查：如何是医学伦理学和动物伦理学的学科相关？它们是同一个生命伦理学的两个分支吗？它们是应用伦理学的两个基本上独立的领域吗？这对医学或临床、动物和环境伦理学的理解意味着什么？动物伦理学和医学伦理学中的概念和内容的划分和相互交织为生命终结的决定提供了范例。确定了道德、规范伦理学和元伦理学的趋同、分歧或时移发展。本研究将有助于理解道德、临床伦理咨询、道德哲学等领域的不同评价。