Warm dense matter explored with shock wave experiments

通过冲击波实验探索温暖的致密物质

• 批准号: 409807083
• 负责人: Privatdozentin Dr. Heidi E.M. Reinholz
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Physik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/409807083?language=en
• 关键词: Warm; dense; matter; explored; shock

In recent decades, the physics of high energy density has made an impressive progress and, at present, continues to be developed rapidly by leading research groups. This development is driven both by new possibilities to generate and diagnose at laboratory conditions states of matter at and with high energy density as well as new methods to observe and probe astrophysical objects, where such states are realized, and by the relevance for applications, for instance anti-meteorite protection of spacecrafts, inertial thermonuclear synthesis or safety of nuclear power. The latest experimental methods for extremely high energy input into targets under study led to the possibility to create GPa pressure in a variety of environments, and thus open up new opportunities for studying the structure and physical properties of various materials. The joint project of scientists of the IPCP RAS (Russia) and the Rostock University (Germany) is aimed at solving fundamental problems of nonideal plasma physics. Experimental studies of optical and transport properties of shock-compressed strongly correlated plasmas will be performed by the Russian side. The theoretical modeling will be executed by the German side using modern quantum-statistical methods (Green's function techniques, response formalism, numerical simulations) in order to calculate the dielectric function for the characterisation of the sytems' optical response. The required expertise for the simulation of thermodynamic parameters will be provided by the Russian side.Within the project we focus on reflectivity and viscosity. The reflectivity will be investigated as a function of pressure and temperature in order to understand the physics of the emerging plasma profile on the probe surface. New shock wave experiments shall be designed. Dense noble gases (xenon, argon and crypton) will be used as target materials. The obtained data on polarization properties of dense plasmas will be used to create a detailed physical model of the medium taking into account microscopic processes in the shock wave front. The claim for a minimum ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density is still an unsolved problem which will be tackled experimentally and theoretically in a combined effort of both project partners.These collaborative experimental and theoretical studies will allow a better understanding of physical processes in strongly correlated media and solve fundamental problems with respect to the structure of matter. The results of these studies will be of great fundamental importance and can be used by relevant experts when performing applied work.

近几十年来，高能量密度物理学取得了令人瞩目的进展，目前，领先的研究小组继续快速发展。这一发展的推动因素包括在实验室条件下生成和诊断高能量密度物质状态的新可能性，以及观察和探测天体物理物体的新方法（实现这种状态），以及与应用的相关性，例如航天器的反陨石保护、惯性热核合成或核电安全。将极高能量输入到研究目标的最新实验方法使得在各种环境中产生 GPa 压力成为可能，从而为研究各种材料的结构和物理性质开辟了新的机会。 IPCP RAS（俄罗斯）和罗斯托克大学（德国）科学家的联合项目旨在解决非理想等离子体物理的基本问题。俄罗斯方面将进行冲击压缩强相关等离子体的光学和传输特性的实验研究。德国方面将使用现代量子统计方法（格林函数技术、响应形式主义、数值模拟）执行理论建模，以计算介电函数来表征系统的光学响应。俄罗斯方面将提供热力学参数模拟所需的专业知识。在该项目中，我们重点关注反射率和粘度。将研究反射率作为压力和温度的函数，以便了解探针表面上出现的等离子体轮廓的物理原理。应设计新的冲击波实验。稠密的稀有气体（氙、氩和密码子）将被用作靶材料。获得的有关致密等离子体偏振特性的数据将用于创建详细的介质物理模型，同时考虑冲击波前的微观过程。剪切粘度与熵密度的最小比率的要求仍然是一个未解决的问题，将在两个项目合作伙伴的共同努力下通过实验和理论来解决。这些合作实验和理论研究将有助于更好地理解强相关介质中的物理过程，并解决有关物质结构的基本问题。这些研究结果具有重要的基础意义，可供相关专家在开展应用工作时使用。