Cœnobia Turonenses: St Martin's communities in Tours, their practices and networks from late Antiquity until the 13th century

该项目侧重于两个拥有圣马丁遗产的社区之间的关系：他自己创建的Marmoutier社区和围绕他的坟墓发展起来的圣马丁社区-一种介于协同和竞争之间的关系-以及与两个社区相关的网络。该项目计划研究这些社区（其地位可能在教会社区和修道院社区之间波动）彼此之间的联系，与自己的附属社区（圣朱利安、科梅里、圣科斯姆和博蒙特）以及与大主教和大教堂章节（圣莫里斯）的联系。所研究的联系不仅是制度上的，还包括社会、宗教和文化领域、地形和建筑方面的联系。图尔社区为我们提供了一个独特的机会来观察西方修道主义从古代晚期到中世纪中期的转变，以及它们在多中心微观世界层面上的影响。研究方案由三条相互关联的线路组成，它们都需要使用多种来源和分析方法。首先(1)，对圣马丁和马尔穆蒂埃之间关系的研究，需要对中世纪早期的全部书面材料和《图尔手稿》的制作进行批判性的重新审视，这将使我们能够重建这两个社区在10世纪的独立制度结构。两者都创造了与其他社区的联系网络（制度或基于友谊）。我们将研究(2)这些联系的各种例子，特别是在建筑，礼仪和外交方面，以便更好地理解他们对新生物生活的选择的社会，文化和礼仪影响。两个社区之间的差异围绕着修道生活的实践，特别是在公元10世纪的修道改革和公元11 -12世纪的格里高利改革期间。在这种背景下，马穆蒂埃被视为法国西部的克吕尼(3)。对修道院建筑的研究提供了一个机会来重新审视伟大的图尔社区的修道院实践，以及马穆蒂埃僧侣提出的卓越话语。这就是为什么这个项目建议对马尔穆蒂埃修道院的建立进行一次单独的检查。该项目最终将包括若干联机数据库和地理信息系统，以及出版文章、翻译叙述来源的评论版和一卷综合，后两卷是合编的。大量手稿的数字化将使图尔图书馆的虚拟图书馆能够向学者和公众开放。将制作10世纪至12世纪期间马尔穆蒂埃修道院教堂的建筑演变视频，并制作CD，传播当时在修道院吟唱的礼拜歌曲。

This project focuses on the relationship between the two communities claiming the heritage of St Martin: Marmoutier, the community he himself founded, and St Martin’s which grew around his tomb – a relationship poised between synergy and competition – and on the networks associated with the two communities. The project plans to study the links of these communities (their status could fluctuate between that of a community of canons and a monastery) with one another, with their own dependent communities (St Julian, Cormery, St Cosme and Beaumont) and with the archbishop and the cathedral chapter (St Maurice’s). The links studied will be not only institutional but also those arising from the social, religious and cultural sphere, the topography and the architecture. The communities of Tours allow us a unique opportunity to observe the transformations of western monasticism from Late Antiquity to the Central Middle Ages and their impact at the level of a polycentric microcosm.The research programme is composed of three interconnected lines, which all require the use of a multiplicity of sources and methods of analysis. In the first instance (1), the study of the relations between St Martin’s and Marmoutier, which requires a critical re-examination of the whole body of written material from the Early Middle Ages and of the production of the Tours scriptoria will enable us to reconstruct the separate institutional structure of these two communities during the 10th c. Both created networks of connections with other communities (institutional or based on amicitia). We will study (2) a variety of examples of these connections, notably in terms of architecture, liturgy and diplomacy in order better to understand the social, cultural and liturgical impact of their choices on cenobitic life. Differences between the two communities crystallised around the practices of monastic life, especially during the monastic reform of the 10th c. and the Gregorian Reform of the 11th-12th c. In this context, Marmoutier came to be seen as the Cluny of Western France (3). The study of the monastic buildings provides an opportunity to re-examine the monastic practices of the great Tours community, and the discourse of excellence that the monks of Marmoutier put forward. That is why the project proposes to make an examination of the monastic establishment of Marmoutier in its own right.The project will eventually include several on-line databases and GIS as well as the publication of articles, a critical edition with translation of the narrative sources and a one-volume synthesis, the latter two co-edited. The digitisation of numerous manuscripts will enable the creation of a virtual library of the Tours repositories to be made accessible to scholars and the public. A video will show the architectural evolution of the abbey church at Marmoutier between the 10th and the 12th c., and a CD will be produced to disseminate the liturgical works sung in the monastery at the time.