小学生における自閉スペクトラム症児の人物画検討及び年齢による描画特徴の変遷

小学自闭症谱系障碍儿童的人物绘画检查以及绘画特征随年龄的变化

• 批准号: 18H00036
• 负责人: 芳野 歩美
• 金额: $ 0.32万
• 依托单位: Ehime University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Scientists
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18H00036/
• 关键词: 自閉スペクトラム症; 描画; グッドイナフ人物画知能検査

【研究目的】自閉スペクトラム症(Autism Spectrum Disorders : ASD)の特性を把握する手段は, まだ十分とはいえない. 私はグッドイナフ人物画知能検査新版(Goodenough draw-a-man intelligence test : DAM)に着目し, ASDを診断する際の重要な手掛かりとなりうるかを検証した. 児童期ASD児と定型発達児のDAMIQおよびDAM評価項目の通過率を比較し, ASD診断の指標としての有用性を検討した.【研究方法】対象は愛媛大学医学部附属病院子どものこころセンターを受診した知的障害を伴わない小学生ASD児をASD群、公立小学校通常学級に在籍する定型発達児をコントロール群として, 個別に人物画テストを行った. コントロール群に関しては, 保護者に精神科受診歴の有無を聴取し, 神経発達障害児の除外のために児童用AQ(Autism-Spectrum Quotient), ADHD-RS(ADHD Rating Scale-IV)への記入を依頼した. 両群のDAMIQおよびDAMの評価項目の通過率を算出して, 2群間比較を行った.【結果】ASD群は38名(M:F=28:10, 平均8.89±1.67歳), 対象群は187名(M:F=73:114, 平均9.04±1.67歳)であった. 低学年(小学1-3年)と高学年(小学4-6年)でASD群とコントロール群のDAMIQを比較したところ, 低学年では有意差を認めたが, 高学年では有意差はなかった(低学年ASD群v.s.コントロール群 : 89.6±15.2v.s. 105.6±15.6, p<0.001). DAM評価項目の通過率においては, 低学年では11項目(頭の輪郭, 顎と額, 毛髪(A), 首, 腕と脚のつき方(A, B), 指の数, 掌, 衣服2以上, 衣服の全部, 描線(B)), 高学年では3項目(眼, 首, 足の割合)に有意差が認められた.【考察】本研究では, DAMIQ, 通過率ともに有意な差が認められ, 特に低学年においてASD診断のための指標となりうる可能性が示された. 今後は, ASD群の症例数を増やして男女別に検討すること, また個人の学力や環境を踏まえた比較等を行うことが課題である.

[Purpose of the study] The characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are the means to grasp them, and the characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Goodenough draw-a-man intelligence test: DAM (Goodenough draw-a-man intelligence test: DAM), ASD diagnosis, important diagnosis, hand hanging, hand hanging, and test. A comparison of the passing rate of ASD in childhood and the establishment of the DAMIQ DAM assessment project, The usefulness of indicators for ASD diagnosis has been determined. [Research method] The patient was diagnosed at the Affiliated Hospital of Ehime University School of Medicine. The obstacle of knowing is that the elementary school students are ASD and ASD group, and the students who are enrolled in the public elementary school regular grades are the stereotyped students, Individual character drawings are drawn by テストを行った. AQ(Autism-Spectrum Quotient), ADHD-RS (ADHD Rating Scale-IV) is recorded and calculated. The pass rate of the DAMIQ project is calculated and calculated. Comparison between 2 groups. [Result] There are 38 people in the ASD group (M:F=28:10, average 8.89±1.67 years old), and 187 people in the elephant group (M:F=73:114, average 9.04±1.67 years old). Comparison of lower school years (elementary school years 1-3) and high school years (elementary school years 4-6), ASD group, The difference between the lower school year and the upper school year is the same as the upper school year (ASD group in the lower school year v.s. ASD group: 89.6±15.2v.s. 105.6±15.6, p<0.001). The passing rate of the DAM assessment items is においては, the 11 items of the lower school year (head, jaw, forehead, hair (A), head, wrist and foot square (A, B), number of fingers, palms, clothes 2 or more, clothes のall, Tracing (B)), the 3 items of the high school year (eyes, head, and feet) are not recognized by the intentional difference. [Investigation] This study is, DAMIQ, the pass rate is intended to be different and the difference is recognized, the special indicator is the indicator of ASD diagnosis in the low school year, and the possibility is shown. In the future, The number of cases of ASD group, the difference between men and women, the difference between men and women, the individual's academic ability, the environment, the comparison, etc., the problem, the problem.