Processing preferences for self-related emotional words as markers of cognitive vulnerability and well-being – cerebral and behavioral correlates and mechanisms

对自我相关情感词的处理偏好作为认知脆弱性和幸福感的标志——大脑和行为的相关性和机制

• 批准号: 415209420
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Cornelia Herbert
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Psychologie und Pädagogik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/415209420?language=en
• 关键词: Processing; preferences; self; related; emotional

Depression is among the most frequent mental and affective disorders. Due to its increasing prevalence and its many negative consequences on mental and physical health, the prevention of depressive symptoms has received outstanding priority in clinical and mental health programs aimed at protecting individual well-being. Cognitive vulnerability models propose two major cognitive risk factors that favor the onset and severity of depressive symptoms in healthy individuals. These include a pronounced self-focus as well as a negative emotional processing bias. According to two-process models of cognitive vulnerability these two risk factors are not independent but affect each other. Nevertheless, how and in which experimental processing conditions both factors influence each other is still unclear. This project proposal aims to close this gap by investigating the interaction between both risk-factors and the mechanisms underlying this interaction under controlled experimental laboratory conditions. In line with two-process models of cognitive vulnerability the following core questions will be investigated: First, at which levels of stimulus- and information processing (stimulus-driven, associative vs. cognitive controlled, reflective) do self-related and emotional processing interact in healthy individuals with and without depressive symptoms? Second, how do self-referential attentive processing, self-referential reflective emotional processing and negative vs. positive mood influence this interaction? Experimentally, stimuli (words) will be used that vary in their emotional meaning (positive, negative, neutral) and in their degree of self-reference ("self" vs. "no self-reference" vs. "other 3rd-person reference"). Methodologically, the time course of stimulus processing will be precisely investigated in all experiments across the different processing conditions by means of electroencephalography (EEG) and the analysis of event-related brain potentials (ERPs). Individual differences in stimulus recall and stimulus appraisal will be assessed by behavioral measures. In addition, EEG-ERP correlates will be explored as indicators of cognitive vulnerability and subjective well-being at 6 and 12 months follow-up after the experimental assessment. Taken together, this project will provide answers to the specificity of depression-related emotional processing preferences, the underlying mechanisms and their importance as clinically relevant markers of depression and subjective well-being. After successful validation of the hypotheses tested in this project proposal, EEG-ERP-based experimental tests can be developed on the basis of which depression-related processing biases can be detected and monitored during the prevention, intervention and treatment of depressive disorders.

抑郁症是最常见的精神和情感障碍之一。由于其日益增加的患病率及其对心理和身体健康的许多负面影响，预防抑郁症状已成为旨在保护个人福祉的临床和心理健康计划的突出重点。认知脆弱性模型提出了两个主要的认知风险因素，有利于健康个体抑郁症状的发作和严重程度。这些包括明显的自我关注以及消极的情绪处理偏见。根据认知脆弱性的两个过程模型，这两个风险因素不是独立的，而是相互影响的。然而，这两个因素如何以及在何种实验处理条件下相互影响仍然不清楚。本项目提案旨在通过在受控实验室条件下调查两种风险因素之间的相互作用以及这种相互作用的机制来缩小这一差距。根据认知脆弱性的两个过程模型，将研究以下核心问题：第一，在哪些水平的刺激和信息处理（刺激驱动，联想与认知控制，反思）做自我相关和情绪处理互动的健康个体与抑郁症状？第二，自我指涉注意加工、自我指涉反思情绪加工以及消极与积极情绪如何影响这种交互作用？在实验中，将使用不同的刺激（词），在他们的情感意义（积极的，消极的，中性的）和他们的程度的自我参考（“自我”与“没有自我参考”与“其他第三人称参考”）。在方法学上，通过脑电图（EEG）和事件相关脑电位（ERPs）的分析，在所有实验中精确地研究了不同加工条件下刺激加工的时间过程。刺激回忆和刺激评价的个体差异将通过行为测量进行评估。此外，在实验评估后6个月和12个月随访时，将探索EEG-ERP相关性作为认知脆弱性和主观幸福感的指标。总之，这个项目将提供答案的抑郁症相关的情绪处理偏好的特异性，潜在的机制和它们的重要性，作为抑郁症和主观幸福感的临床相关标志。在成功验证本项目建议书中的假设后，可以开发基于EEG-ERP的实验测试，在此基础上，可以在抑郁症的预防，干预和治疗过程中检测和监测抑郁相关的加工偏差。