Tectonics and carbonate platform development, Gabes-Tripoli Basin, offshore Libya

这项研究的目标是利比亚西部近海加贝斯-的黎波里盆地、地中海和碳酸盐台地的新生代断裂、褶皱和碳酸盐台地的发育。研究区域包括许多对利比亚具有重大经济意义的大型碳氢化合物油田(例如，拥有1,000-3,000,000桶石油的Bouri油田)。然而，尽管研究区具有重要的意义和价值，但目前仍有一些悬而未决的问题，包括：(I)加贝斯-的黎波里盆地晚白垩世至现代区域构造发展对沉积模式和整个盆地地层学的影响；(Ii)含油气背斜的结构发展，涉及潜在的三叠纪盐基地层的作用；(Iii)碳酸盐台地的随时间发展；以及(Iv)控制储层发育的构造和沉积过程的相互作用(沉积、成岩作用、构造叠加、圈闭完整性)。利比亚国家石油公司(NOC)亲切地为学术研究提供了(13口工业井的钻孔地球物理信息)，以检验下列(部分有争议的)研究假设：(1)加贝斯-的黎波里盆地更深的地下是否存在三叠纪盐是利比亚近海构造发展的关键控制因素，决定了盐拆离上方的褶皱样式，并控制了已有盐构造上方始新世黑云母灰岩的形成。(2)盖伯斯-的黎波里盆地的断裂、褶皱、碳酸盐沉积和圈闭形成不受三叠系盐基地层的影响。(3)主要含油气背斜的W-E向与NW-SE向的主要断裂方向成斜向，背斜顶部的褶皱和碳酸盐台地的优先生长先于NW-SE向断裂的发育。(4)主要储集层灰岩内的成岩变化(如白云化作用；与下伏盐岩构造有关的埋藏腐蚀)可以在三维地震反射资料上通过地震属性分析识别，并通过有线资料在井位进行验证。(5)盖伯斯-的黎波里盆地新近系碳酸盐岩台地在结构、大小、类型和分布上均不同于古近纪前人。(6)沉积后构造和差异性地层载荷影响储层发育。这项研究计划的最后一个重要方面是在一个基本上被学术文献忽视的地区发展基础构造和地层知识，由于政治原因，目前在该地区几乎不能进行研究。

This research proposal targets the Cenozoic development of faults, folds and carbonate platforms in the Gabes-Tripoli Basin, Mediterranean Sea, western offshore Libya. The study area encompasses numerous large hydrocarbon fields (e.g. the Bouri Field with 1,000–3,000 Million barrels oil) that are of major economic importance for Libya. Yet, despite the relevance and value of the study area, there are today unsolved issues including (i) the late Cretaceous to recent regional tectonic development of the Gabes-Tripoli Basin influencing sedimentary patterns and the basinwide stratigraphy; (ii) the structural development of hydrocarbon bearing anticlines concerning the role of a potential Triassic salt substratum; (iii) carbonate platform development through time; and (iv) the interaction of tectonic and sedimentary processes controlling reservoir development (deposition, diagenesis, structural overprint, trap integrity).The proposed work focuses on the analysis of a unique state-of-the-art 3D subsurface dataset (~1800 km2 3D seismic-reflection data; borehole-geophysical information of 13 industrial wells) kindly provided for academic research by the National Oil Corporation of Libya (NOC) to test following (partly controversial) research hypotheses: (1) The presence of Triassic salt in the deeper subsurface of the Gabes-Tripoli Basin was a key control for structural development offshore Libya, determining fold style above a salt detachment and controlling the formation of reservoir rocks (Eocene nummulitic limestones) above pre-existing salt structures. (2) Faulting, folding, carbonate sedimentation and trap formation in the Gabes-Tripoli Basin was not influenced by the Triassic salt substratum. (3) The W-E orientation of major hydrocarbon-bearing anticlines is oblique to the main NW-SE fault trend; folding and the preferential growth of carbonate platforms at the top of anticlines pre-date the development of NW-SE-oriented faults. (4) Diagenetic changes (e.g. dolomitisation; burial corrosion in relation to underlying salt structures) within the main reservoir limestones can be identified on 3D seismic-reflection data by seismic-attribute analysis validated at well locations by wireline data. (5) Neogene carbonate platforms of the Gabes-Tripoli Basin differ in architecture, size, type and distribution from their Paleogene predecessors. (6) Post-depositional tectonics and differential stratigraphic loading influenced reservoir development. Areas significantly affected by Neogene to recent tectonics lack subsurface reservoirs.A final important aspect of this research proposal is the development of fundamental tectonic and stratigraphic knowledge in a region largely neglected by the academic literature, in which, for political reasons, little research can currently take place.