Electromagnetic Modelling of Microwave Absorbers (EMMA)

微波吸收器的电磁建模 (EMMA)

• 批准号: 418894892
• 负责人: Dr.-Ing. Christian Bornkessel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Fachgebiet Hochfrequenz- und Mikrowellentechnik (HMT)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/418894892?language=en
• 关键词: Electromagnetic; Modelling; Microwave; Absorbers; EMMA

The relevance of testing radio components and systems in virtual environments, for instance and especially for automated and connected driving, is rapidly increasing. The installation of virtual electromagnetic environments usually relies on pyramid absorber lined shielded chambers. Specifically shaped absorbers at walls, ceiling, and floor attenuate the reflections of electromagnetic waves incident from different angles over a wide range of frequencies and thus minimise the reaction of the test environment on the measurement. The resulting degree of reaction eventually determines the basic usability, quality, and accuracy of the measurements and thus the comparability of the virtual environment with real field tests. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to precisely characterise the electromagnetic field distribution in anechoic chambers. For frequencies above 100 MHz, ray optical methods exhibit advantages compared to electromagnetic full-wave simulations and are therefore preferred. Remarkably, however, until to date there exists no suitable absorber model which describes the physical functional principles of pyramid absorbers comprehensively. Such a model has to be broadband (400 MHz to 80 GHz), angular dependent, and fully polarimetric. Accordingly, the main object of this project is the conceptualisation, implementation, and exploration of such a model.The work plan is divided into three main work packages (WP1000, 2000, and 3000). In WP1000, various experimental techniques to accurately measure the absorber reflectivity and its spatial variation over volume are studied. Important input parameters such as the electrical size of the absorber, angles of incidence and reflection, as well as polarisation are taken into account. By combining the measured results with the numerical and semi-analytical descriptions of WP2000, a mutual validation and extension of the distinctly different approaches is achieved. The results and experiences accumulated are fed into WP3000 and used to identify and describe the constituting factors and physical mechanisms of reflection and absorption. Based on these findings, eventually, a powerful absorber model suitable for ray tracing simulations will be developed, which effectively reproduces the electromagnetic properties of the absorbers. This model will be verified by computing the wave propagation in the semi-anechoic chamber VISTA: Virtual Road - Simulation and Test Area at the Technische Universität Ilmenau, and by comparing the results with measured data.The absorber model explored in this project represents an efficient and valuable tool to predict the wave propagation in electromagnetic virtual test environments and thus provides a significant contribution to the research of modern wireless transmission systems.

例如，在虚拟环境中测试无线电组件和系统，特别是自动驾驶和联网驾驶的相关性正在迅速增加。虚拟电磁环境的安装通常依赖于塔形吸收器内衬屏蔽室。在墙壁、天花板和地板上的特殊形状的吸收器衰减从不同角度在宽频率范围内入射的电磁波的反射，从而最大限度地减少测试环境对测量的反应。由此产生的反应程度最终决定了测量的基本可用性、质量和准确性，从而决定了虚拟环境与实际现场测试的可比性。因此，准确表征暗室中的电磁场分布是至关重要的。对于100 MHz以上的频率，射线光学方法与电磁全波模拟相比具有优势，因此是首选方法。然而，值得注意的是，迄今为止还没有一个合适的模型能全面描述金字塔型吸波器的物理功能原理。这样的模型必须是宽带的（400mhz到80ghz），依赖于角度，并且完全极化。因此，这个项目的主要目标是概念化、实施和探索这样一个模型。工作计划分为三个主要工作包（WP1000、2000和3000）。在WP1000中，研究了各种实验技术来精确测量吸收器反射率及其随体积的空间变化。重要的输入参数，如吸收器的电气尺寸，入射角和反射角，以及极化被考虑在内。通过将实测结果与WP2000的数值和半解析描述相结合，实现了截然不同的方法的相互验证和推广。所积累的结果和经验被输入到WP3000中，用于识别和描述反射和吸收的构成因素和物理机制。基于这些发现，最终将开发一个适用于射线追踪模拟的强大吸收体模型，该模型可以有效地再现吸收体的电磁特性。该模型将通过计算在Technische Universität Ilmenau的半消声室VISTA：虚拟道路-模拟和试验区中的波传播来验证，并将结果与测量数据进行比较。本课题所探索的吸收器模型是预测电磁虚拟测试环境中波传播的一种有效而有价值的工具，从而为现代无线传输系统的研究提供了重要贡献。