Exploration of cometary dust and debris through meteor observations and modelling

通过流星观测和建模探索彗星尘埃和碎片

• 批准号: 419276816
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jürgen Oberst
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Geodäsie und Geoinformationstechnik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/419276816?language=en
• 关键词: Exploration; cometary; dust; debris; through

We want to understand the nature, origin and evolution of cometary material through observations of the so-called “Perseids”, i.e., the annually recurrent meteor shower, originating from Halley-type comet 109P/Swift-Tuttle. We use new and unique data, which have been produced in a multi-year (2009 – 2016) observing campaign by the SPOSH camera, a state-of-the-art imager and optical system optimised for recording short-lived astronomical phenomena. From the observations we will determine orbits and photometric lightcurves for the meteors from which we want to obtain a new temporal/spatial model of the comet’s meteoroid trail, including its observed substructures. The obtained data will be reduced with a dedicated software package, developed in the past years. The performance of the software will be validated through dual-station observations of Earth-orbiting satellites, a few of which are available in our multi-year data set. Finally, we will apply this new Perseid model for simulations of observing conditions of the stream from alternative vantage points such as from Earth orbit, i.e., from above the atmosphere. We will also study meteors within the atmospheres of other planets, specifically Venus and Mars, with the goal of optimising observation strategies and instrument designs for future spaceborne campaigns. We also plan to carry out new observations with the SPOSH cameras and study outbursts of other meteor showers, predicted for the coming years. Assuming successful campaigns, the acquired data will be reduced and the results will be compared with our model of the Perseids.

我们希望通过对所谓的“英仙座”的观测来了解彗星物质的性质、起源和演变，每年一次的流星雨，起源于哈雷型彗星109 P/斯威夫特-塔特尔。我们使用新的和独特的数据，这些数据是由SPOSH相机在多年（2009 - 2016）观测活动中产生的，SPOSH相机是一种最先进的成像仪和光学系统，用于记录短暂的天文现象。我们将从观测中确定流星的轨道和光度学光变曲线，从而获得彗星流星体轨迹的新的时空模型，包括观测到的子结构，所获得的数据将用过去几年开发的专用软件包进行简化。该软件的性能将通过对地球轨道卫星的双站观测加以验证，其中一些观测可在我们的多年数据集中获得。最后，我们将应用这个新的英仙座模型来模拟从其他Vantage位置（如地球轨道）观察流的条件，即，从大气层上方。我们还将研究其他行星大气层内的流星，特别是金星和火星，目标是优化未来太空活动的观测策略和仪器设计。我们还计划用SPOSH照相机进行新的观测，并研究预测在今后几年内发生的其他流星雨的爆发。假设活动成功，所获得的数据将减少，结果将与我们的英仙座模型进行比较。