Delusions - Etiology, Frequency & Neural Correlates

妄想 - 病因、频率

• 批准号: 419410798
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Henrik Walter, since 7/2020
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie (CCM)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/419410798?language=en
• 关键词: Delusions; Etiology; Frequency; Neural; Correlates

Delusional experiences are a burdensome psychiatric symptomatology leading to great psychological strain and fear. In addition, it oftentimes entails social withdrawal as well as a considerable loss of functioning. Delusions occur in a number of psychiatric diseases including schizophrenia, uni- and bipolar affective disorder or posttraumatic stress disorder. The investigation of the development of psychiatric diseases is impeded by the occurrence of a multitude of differing symptoms and hence, a very heterogeneous phenomenology. Assumably, the elucidation of etiological factors should be alleviated by exploring a more narrowly defined psychopathological variable. Therefore, the project focuses on the most frequent forms of delusional ideation: referential and paranoid ideation. Since both forms are not only observable across disease entities, but are also present in the general population, they will be characterized in a non-clinical sample. This offers the important advantage to investigate them in the absence of confounding factors often present in clinical samples (e.g. medication, psychosocial consequences, comorbidity, substance use). The first subproject aims to explore the frequency and dimensionality of delusions in the German general population for the first time. Using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) data of at least 1.000 subjects will be collected. In the second subproject 124 subproject experiencing varying levels of delusional ideation will be analyzed again by psychological and neuroscientific methods. Employing interview, questionnaire, performance tests as well as (f)MRI measures differentiated biopsychosocial model assumptions of the emergence of delusions will be explored. The focus is on the interaction of various variables (Aberrant Salience attribution, Theory of Mind processing, Jumping to Conclusions bias, Executive functioning) at the psychological as well as the neural level. Neural correlates will be studied using network-based approaches, such as Dynamic Causal Modeling (DCM) and Graph Theory. In addition to the more precise characterization of the etiology of delusions, the findings of the project promise meaningful new impulses for the differentiation of biological and psychological treatment approaches.

精神病经历是一种沉重的精神病学，导致巨大的心理压力和恐惧。此外，它往往导致社会退缩以及相当大的功能丧失。精神分裂症发生在许多精神疾病中，包括精神分裂症、单极性和双极性情感障碍或创伤后应激障碍。对精神疾病发展的调查受到了许多不同症状的阻碍，因此，这是一种非常异质的现象学。假设，病因因素的阐明应通过探索更狭义的精神病理学变量来缓解。因此，该项目侧重于最常见的妄想性思维形式：参照性思维和偏执性思维。由于这两种形式不仅在疾病实体中可观察到，而且也存在于一般人群中，因此将在非临床样本中对其进行表征。这提供了重要的优势，调查他们在缺乏混淆因素往往存在于临床样本（如药物，心理社会后果，合并症，物质使用）。第一个子项目旨在首次探索德国普通人群中妄想的频率和维度。使用生态瞬时评估（EMA），将收集至少1000例受试者的数据。在第二个子项目124子项目经历不同程度的妄想意念将再次分析心理学和神经科学的方法。采用访谈，问卷调查，性能测试以及（f）磁共振成像测量区分生物心理社会模型假设的妄想的出现将进行探讨。重点是在心理和神经水平上的各种变量（异常突出归因，心理加工理论，跳跃到结论偏见，执行功能）的相互作用。神经相关性将使用基于网络的方法进行研究，如动态因果建模（DCM）和图论。除了更精确地描述妄想的病因外，该项目的研究结果还有望为生物和心理治疗方法的区分提供有意义的新动力。