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German-speaking Salafis in Switzerland: Sketching contemporary spectra and analyzing moral negotiations

瑞士德语区的萨拉菲派：勾勒当代光谱并分析道德谈判

基本信息

批准号：
420579519
负责人：
Dr. Mira Menzfeld
金额：
--
依托单位：
Religionswissenschaftliches Seminar
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Fellowships
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2018-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/420579519?language=en
关键词：
German speaking Salafis Switzerland Sketching

项目摘要

The project intends to sketch contemporary Salafi spectra in German-speaking Switzerland. Additionally, moral negotiations and ordinary ethics in everyday life will be observed to explain how Salafis belonging to certain groups tend to argue and act. Former studies on Salafism in German-speaking regions in Switzerland highlighted security issues and relied on external categories of Salafi persons, while usually focusing on violent jihadism. This fails to recognize the blurry demarcation lines between jihadis and non-jihadis. Furthermore, it does not provide a deeper understanding of emic categorizations, group interrelations, reasoning and action patterns within Salafi spectra.This project proposes a new perspective on Salafism in Switzerland, arguing that crucial elements of Salafi belief and action become particularly comprehensive when it comes to moral evaluations of everyday situations, and following decisions or actions. The study will reveal- which moral evaluations are triggered in everyday lives of Salafis based on which reasoning patterns, and what these evaluations result in (decisions, actions, etc);- based on which religious key concepts (or non-religious reasons) they explain their behavior;- how patterns in dealing with supposedly morally demanding situations are connected to the Salafi group they feel close to;- how different spectra vary in interpreting religious key concepts in order to live in a supposedly good and ‘moral’ manner.Approaches from cultural anthropology are an effective tool for understanding emic reasoning about belonging to (or staying away from) certain Salafi spectra; emic perceptions of moral challenges; and also the resulting action strategies. Therefore, participant observation and narrative-explorative interviews lie at the heart of this study. Decision-making, (re)action patterns and solidarities among Salafis will be explained by using analytical tools that moral anthropology provides.The intended outcome of the project is a processual sketch of the contemporary German-speaking salafiyya in Switzerland. As well, the study will explain specific evaluation patterns among Salafis, leading to particular (re)actions and argumentation styles. Therefore, it provides basic information for Salafi studies in general, and lays ground for follow-up studies. Furthermore, the mentioned insights can help to identify and evaluate potentially security-sensitive persons in a more elaborated manner. Thus, the results are relevant for anthropologists, scholars of religious and Islamic studies, political scientists, terrorism and extremism studies, national politics, and interested members of the general public.

该项目旨在勾画瑞士德语区当代萨拉菲派的谱系。此外，还将观察日常生活中的道德谈判和普通道德，以解释属于某些群体的萨拉菲派如何倾向于争论和行动。以往对瑞士德语区萨拉菲主义的研究强调安全问题，并依赖于萨拉菲人的外部类别，而通常关注暴力圣战主义。这没有认识到圣战分子和非圣战分子之间模糊的界限。此外，它没有提供对萨拉菲派谱系内的主位分类、群体相互关系、推理和行动模式的更深入的理解。该项目提出了瑞士萨拉菲主义的新视角，认为萨拉菲信仰和行动的关键要素在涉及日常情况的道德评估以及后续决策或行动时变得特别全面。该研究将揭示：萨拉菲派的日常生活中会根据何种推理模式触发哪些道德评价，以及这些评价会产生什么结果（决定、行动等）；他们根据哪些宗教关键概念（或非宗教原因）解释自己的行为；——处理所谓的道德要求情况的模式如何与他们感觉亲近的萨拉菲群体联系起来；——为了生活，不同的范围在解释宗教关键概念时有何不同以一种所谓的良好和“道德”的方式。文化人类学的方法是理解关于属于（或远离）某些萨拉菲派的主位推理的有效工具；对道德挑战的普遍看法；以及由此产生的行动策略。因此，参与观察和叙事探索性访谈是本研究的核心。萨拉菲派之间的决策、（重新）行动模式和团结将通过使用道德人类学提供的分析工具来解释。该项目的预期成果是瑞士当代德语萨拉菲派的过程概述。此外，该研究还将解释萨拉菲派的具体评估模式，从而导致特定的（重新）行动和论证风格。因此，它为萨拉菲派研究提供了总体的基础信息，为后续研究奠定了基础。此外，上述见解可以帮助以更详细的方式识别和评估潜在的安全敏感人员。因此，研究结果与人类学家、宗教和伊斯兰研究学者、政治学家、恐怖主义和极端主义研究、国家政治以及感兴趣的公众成员相关。