Spatial Variations of the Phaseshift between Ocean Surface Warming, Evaporation and Changes oft Continental Ice Volume at Terminations I and II (P.O.E.T)

这项拟议的研究将审查间冰期海洋同位素阶段1和5开始时海洋表面变暖的时间和阶段。主要目标是验证热带海洋或北大西洋北部在冰期/间冰期转变时是否正在减缓气候变化的假设。海面温度的变化与海面盐度和全球冰量变化的关系将通过迄今唯一的方法来破译，即测量同一浮游有孔虫物种中结合的44/40Ca、Mg/Ca和18O，并与基于烯酮的温度进行比较。高分辨率多指标数据系列将从大西洋的热带到高纬度海洋地区收集，大致沿着通过墨西哥湾流系统的海洋热量和水分的路径进行，因此涵盖不同蒸发/降水比的地区。我们将利用浅水生物和深海有孔虫重建表层海洋的这些海洋参数。

The proposed study will examine the timing and phasing of the warming of the ocean surface during the beginning of interglacial Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 1 and 5. The primary goal is to verify the hypothesis whether the tropical ocean or the Northern North Atlantic is pacing climate change at the glacial/interglacial transitions. The change in sea-surface temperature (SST) in relation to sea-surface salinity (SSS) and global ice volume change will be deciphered by using a hitherto unique approach, namely the measurement of combined 44/40Ca, Mg/Ca and 18O in the same planktonic foraminiferal species in comparison to alkenone-based temperatures. The high-resolution multi-proxy data series will be gathered from tropical to high northern latitude ocean areas in the Atlantic Ocean, roughly following the pathway of ocean heat and moisture via the Gulf Stream system, and hence, covering areas with different evaporation/precipitation ratios. We will reconstruct these oceanic parameters for the surface ocean by using shallow-dwelling and by using deep-dwellers foraminifers for the subsurface ocean.