Coastal and estuarine sediment archives for flood-induced pollution in subtropic / tropic areas – a proof-of-concept study

对申请人进行的概念验证性研究侧重于影响钦奈（印度泰米尔纳德邦）城区的两条河流系统（Adyar河和Cooum河）的河岸湿地。相应的结果指出了三个显着的方面：（一）在钦奈的城市河流洪泛区不代表重要的沉积系统的河流沉积物的污染;（二）广泛的污染物是可检测的，即使在一个中等至低浓度水平和（二）特别是有机污染物，几个特定的源，因此，指示性化合物已被确定。然而，对于特别是城市废物排放的主要沉积物存款，可以作为反映污染历史的沉积档案的问题仍然存在。因此，本项目连续提案旨在测试相同河流系统的河口和回水系统作为合适的主要沉积物积聚区。第一个目标是确定适当的沉积物档案，反映洪水/季风驱动的冲刷污染物在印度河流系统向沿海系统。在这里，城市河流系统与河口和回水区的相互作用是重点。利用特定的标志物质和元素，反映沿沿着，特别是市区排放的各种排放源，将建立第一个污染历史。在河口和沿着相连的海岸线的三个不同地区将进行采样和测试，以确定它们作为沉积物长期存在的潜力。河流排放的定期沉积物。这些包括河口地区直接在河口（洪泛区和河岛）、近岸区以及通过白金汉运河与河流系统相连的Pulicat泻湖和Muttukadu回水系统。回水和沿海岩心样本将测试作为沉积档案的能力，并将揭示Adyar再沉积和积累过程的证据，COOUM衍生颗粒物。河流污染的历史，特别是重点城市排放的钦奈将示范重建的定量分析指标物质和元素在选定的沉积物芯。

A precursory proof-of-concept study of the applicants focused on riparian wetlands of two river systems, the Adyar and Cooum rivers, affecting the urban area of Chennai (Tamil Nadu, India). The corresponding results pointed to three remarkable aspects: (i) The urban riverine floodplains in Chennai do not represent significant deposition systems for the riverine sediment-bound pollution; (ii) a broad spectrum of pollutants was detectable even though on a moderate to low concentration level and (ii) in particular for the organic contaminants, several source specific and, therefore, indicative compounds have been identified. However, the question on the major accumulation deposit for the especially urban waste emissions, that can act as sedimentary archive reflecting the pollution history, still remains.Therefore, this project consecutive proposal is intended to test estuarine and backwater systems of the same river systems as suitable major sediment accumulation areas. A first aim is the identification of appropriate sediment archives reflecting the flood/monsoon-driven flushing-out of pollutants at the Indian river systems towards the coastal systems. Here, the interaction of urban riverine systems with the estuarine and backwater areas is focused on. Secondly, a first pollution history using specific marker substances and elements reflecting the various emission sources discharging along the river’s course and in particular the urban area will be built up.Three different areas at the estuary and along the connected coastline will be sampled and tested for their potential to act as sedimentary long-term deposits of riverine discharge. These includes the estuarine area directly at the river mouths (floodplains and river islands), the nearshore areas as well as the backwater systems at Pulicat lagoon and Muttukadu connected to the river systems by the Buckingham canal.Finally, the geochemical comparison of estuarine, backwater and coastal core samples will test the ability to act as sedimentary archives and will reveal evidence for redeposition and accumulation processes of Adyar and Cooum derived particulate matter. The riverine pollution history with particular focus on the urban emissions of Chennai will be exemplarily reconstructed by quantitative analyses of indicator substances and elements in selected sediment cores.