The Winthir-Collection: An anthropological and historical pilot study

温瑟收藏：一项人类学和历史试点研究

• 批准号: 426344714
• 负责人: Dr. Michaela Harbeck
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Staatssammlung für Anthropologie und Paläoanatomie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/426344714?language=en
• 关键词: Winthir; Collection; anthropological; historical; pilot

Human skeletal reference collections are absolutely vital to the development and refinement of anthropological methods used in the examination of skeletal remains originating from archaeological contexts. Such collections consist of skeletons for which various biological data pertaining to each individual, such as age-at-death, stature, sex, health status, and cause of death are already known through written records. Although great advancements in biomolecular research have been made in recent years, gathering fundamental biological data to an individual through standard osteological examination remains irreplaceable and is an essential prerequisite upon which other studies rely. Numerous prerequisites must be fulfilled before a skeletal collection qualifies as reference material. Presently, Central Europe does not have a skeletal reference collection and in Germany no suitable series exists, until now. The problematic lack of a reference collection for Central Europe can now be alleviated with a study of the skeletal remains from Winthir Cemetery in Neuhausen, Germany (today a district of Munich). The collection is comprised of 230 excellently preserved human skeletons from persons buried around 1900 AD. Archival records contain a wealth of information pertaining to each person: age-at-death, sex, profession, cause of death, number of children, family status etc. For the first time, this combination of data offers a unique and up to now undocumented reservoir of information. One decisive aim of this project is the establishment of the Winthir- Collection as an anthropological reference series. Furthermore, we want to exemplify the suitability and potential of the series for anthropological research as well as a historical source. For this purpose, studies are planned dealing with methods for the sexual determination of subadult individuals and the verification of activity related changes on bones (entheseal changes). Further examinations consider the question of detectability of socioeconomic status and related living conditions on skeletal remains and the linkage to historical sources on an individual level. On that account, we aim a close collaboration with historical sciences to aspire a holistic integration of anthropologic and historic data for the Winthir-collection.

人类骨骼参考资料的收集是绝对至关重要的发展和完善人类学方法，用于检查骨骼仍然起源于考古背景。这些收藏品包括骨架，其中与每个人有关的各种生物数据，如死亡年龄，身高，性别，健康状况和死因，都已经通过书面记录知道。虽然近年来生物分子研究取得了很大的进步，但通过标准的骨骼学检查收集个人的基本生物学数据仍然是不可替代的，并且是其他研究所依赖的必要先决条件。在一个骨骼标本集成为参考资料之前，必须满足许多先决条件。目前，中欧还没有一个骨骼参考收藏，德国也没有合适的系列，直到现在。中欧缺乏参考资料的问题现在可以通过对德国诺伊豪森（今天慕尼黑的一个地区）温西尔公墓的骨骼遗骸进行研究来缓解。该系列由230个保存完好的人类骨骼组成，这些骨骼来自公元1900年左右埋葬的人。档案记录包含有关每个人的大量信息：死亡年龄、性别、职业、死因、子女人数、家庭状况等。该项目的一个决定性目标是建立Winthir- Collection作为人类学参考系列。此外，我们还想证明这一系列作品作为人类学研究和历史资料的适用性和潜力。为此目的，计划开展研究，探讨确定亚成年人性别的方法，并验证与活动有关的骨骼变化（附着点变化）。进一步的研究考虑了遗骸上社会经济地位和相关生活条件的可探测性问题以及与个人历史来源的联系。在这个帐户上，我们的目标是与历史科学密切合作，渴望人类学和历史数据的整体整合温瑟收集。