Intentional Forgetting and Changes in Work Processes: A Process-Conditional Approach in the Administrative and IT Context

工作流程中的故意遗忘和改变：行政和 IT 环境中的流程条件方法

• 批准号: 427257555
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Christoph Beierle
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Informatik I - Lehrstuhl Logik in der Informatik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/427257555?language=en
• 关键词: Intentional; Forgetting; Changes; Work; Processes

The overall objective of this project is the conception, development, and implementation of a formal and psychologically-based model FADE_p for representing and improving work processes in organizations. This is achieved by analyzing, adapting, and improving appropriate workflows in terms of effectiveness, stress and robustness, as well as their cognitive fit to work processes. The core idea is to work out essential operations of work processes and describe them by conditionals and the new concept of process conditionals, and empirically identifying stress factors and then reducing them. In particular, FADEp aims at an abstraction of special cases and exceptions, as long as these are not relevant. This improves the clarity of the process and facilitates its adaption, which often has to start at key points. For this purpose methods and techniques of intentional forgetting, which were developed in the first phase within the framework of the FADE system, are adapted to the specifics of the treatment of processes and further developed into FADEp. This requires both formal-logical and cognitive-psychological extensions: the use of logic will help to ensure the effectiveness and consistency of the workflow even after a change and to calculate the implications of changes. Background knowledge can reveal redundancies, but also gaps and errors in the process. By using default logics to handle uncertainties, special cases and exceptions to improve the robustness of the workflow can be developed. Stressful factors in work processes, which are identified by analytical methods from psychology, are explicitly included in the modeling. Stress factors are thus part of the knowledge that can be manipulated through change and forgetting operations, so that formally the targeted reduction of stress is possible. The inclusion of stress factors in work processes allows a first step in the direction of a formal improvement of work processes, including cognitive psychological aspects. In summary, a balance is to be achieved between cognitive change effort and change based on a possible reduction in stress. On the other hand, the findings from this optimization can again influence the design of the formal change and forgetting operations. We will validate and evaluate the methods to be developed on the basis of concrete work processes in cooperation with the IT and Media Center of the TU Dortmund.

这个项目的总体目标是一个正式的、基于心理学的模型FADE_p的概念、开发和实现，用于表示和改进组织中的工作过程。这可以通过分析、调整和改进工作流程的有效性、压力和健壮性，以及它们对工作流程的认知契合度来实现。其核心思想是找出工作过程的基本操作，并通过条件和过程条件的新概念对其进行描述，经验地识别压力因素，然后减少压力因素。特别是，FADEp旨在抽象特殊情况和例外，只要这些不相关。这提高了流程的清晰度，并促进了流程的调整，而调整通常必须从关键点开始。为此目的，在第一阶段在FADE系统框架内发展起来的有意遗忘的方法和技术，被适应处理过程的具体情况，并进一步发展为FADEp。这需要形式逻辑和认知心理学的扩展：逻辑的使用将有助于确保工作流程的有效性和一致性，即使在更改之后，并计算更改的含义。背景知识可以揭示冗余，但也可以揭示过程中的漏洞和错误。通过使用默认逻辑来处理不确定性、特殊情况和异常，可以提高工作流的健壮性。通过心理学分析方法确定的工作过程中的压力因素被明确地包括在建模中。因此，压力因素是知识的一部分，可以通过改变和遗忘操作来操纵，因此，有针对性地减少压力是可能的。在工作过程中纳入压力因素是朝着正式改进工作过程（包括认知心理方面）的方向迈出的第一步。总之，要在认知改变努力和基于压力可能减少的改变之间取得平衡。另一方面，这种优化的结果可以再次影响形式变化和遗忘操作的设计。我们将与多特蒙德工业大学信息技术和媒体中心合作，在具体工作流程的基础上验证和评估将要开发的方法。