Independence and Diversity:Unknown Karaite Bible Commentaries in Judeo-Arabic from the Early Classical Age

独立性与多样性:古典时代早期犹太-阿拉伯语中未知的卡拉派圣经注释

• 批准号: 427351847
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Ronny Vollandt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Fachbereich Judaistik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/427351847?language=en
• 关键词: Independence; Diversity; Unknown; Karaite; Bible

Medieval Judaism was divided between two religious movements, the Karaites and the Rabbanites. The Karaites broke off from mainstream Rabbanite Judaism in 9th-century Iraq, and became a powerful Jewish movement in the following centuries. Their main tenet was a call to reject the authority of the Talmud and rabbinic tradition, and to rely instead on a fresh reading of the biblical scriptures. Scholarly study of Karaite biblical exegesis of the early classical age (10th-11th centuries) has concentrated on just a few authors of the Jerusalem school of the Karaite “Mourners of Zion,” with most research having been devoted to the commentaries of Yefet ben ʿEli. However, the Karaite community produced a number of important and interesting exegetes of whose work scholarship knows very little. What can be said about the exegetical and literary diversity among the Karaites, as well as the different interpretations and practices it entailed, at this formative time? In order to advance our understanding of the great diversity that is known to exist within Karaite exegesis, we will undertake two interconnected tasks in the proposed project. First, we propose to edit and translate into English the Judeo-Arabic commentaries on Genesis and Exodus by Yaʿqūb al-Qirqisānī (Baghdad) and Sahl ben Maṣliaḥ (Jerusalem), significant and lengthy works that are currently largely unknown to scholarship. Second, we will analyze and compare the exegetical content, techniques and style of the commentaries of the two authors to provide a deeper understanding of the two schools of Karaite exegesis, in Iraq and in Jerusalem, and thus of the development of Karaite exegesis as a whole. We will also shed new light on the relationship of Karaite Judeo-Arabic exegesis to non-Jewish modes of scriptural exegesis. Our broader purpose in this study is to contribute to the study of the Arabic scholarship of medieval Jewish communities of the East as a whole and the way it was embedded in a larger Islamic context.

中世纪犹太教分为两个宗教运动，卡拉派和拉班派。卡拉派在9世纪的伊拉克脱离了主流的拉巴尼犹太教，并在接下来的几个世纪里成为一个强大的犹太运动。他们的主要信条是呼吁拒绝塔木德和拉比传统的权威，而是依靠对圣经经文的新阅读。对早期古典时代（10 - 11世纪）的Karaite圣经训诂学的学术研究集中在Karaite“锡安的先知”的耶路撒冷学校的几位作者身上，大多数研究都致力于Yefet ben Eli的评论。然而，Karaite社区产生了一些重要和有趣的exegetes其工作的奖学金知之甚少。在这个形成时期，卡拉派之间的训诂和文学多样性，以及它所带来的不同解释和实践，可以说些什么？为了促进我们对卡拉伊特训诂学中存在的巨大多样性的理解，我们将在拟议的项目中承担两项相互关联的任务。首先，我们建议编辑和翻译成英文的犹太-阿拉伯语的评论创世纪和出埃及记的Ya Qirqqib al-Qirqisān（巴格达）和Sahl ben Ma Jullia（耶路撒冷），重要和冗长的作品，目前在很大程度上未知的奖学金。其次，我们将分析和比较两位作者的注释的训诂内容，技巧和风格，以提供对伊拉克和耶路撒冷的卡拉伊特训诂学两个学校的更深入的了解，从而对卡拉伊特训诂学的发展作为一个整体。我们还将揭示卡拉犹太-阿拉伯训诂学与非犹太模式的圣经训诂学的关系。我们在这项研究中的更广泛的目的是有助于研究中东中世纪犹太社区的阿拉伯学术作为一个整体，以及它是如何嵌入在一个更大的伊斯兰背景。