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「脆弱性」概念の再構築:福祉防災学の視座確立と実践モデルの開発

重构“脆弱性”概念：树立福利防灾视角并发展实践模式

基本信息

批准号：
18651086
负责人：
立木茂雄
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Doshisha University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

平成19年度は、同年3月25日に発生した能登半島地震被災地である輪島市旧門前地域を中心にして、地域の災害時要援護者への対応がどのようになされたのかの実態調査を実施した。調査にあたっては行政、旧門前町諸岡地区、黒島地区、門前地区住民(民生委員、民生協力員、区長、消防団長、公民館長)、介護保険事業者に対して検証ワークショップ、個別インタビュー、知見の確認ワークショップを実施した。その結果、(1)輪島市旧門前町地域では1995年の阪神・淡路大震災以降、地域の民生委員が主導して「要援護者マップ」を作成し、配慮を要する高齢夫婦世帯、単身高齢者世帯、在宅障害者世帯などを前もって把握するとともに、(2)毎月定期的に友愛訪問活動やふれあい配食サービスなどを実施することにより「顔の見える関係」が構築されていたこと、(3)地震発生直後の地域の災害時要援護者の避難誘導、避難生活支援は、民生委員や区長のリーダーシップのもと多くの地域住民が率先して行ったこと、(4)行政の要援護者対応が本格化するまでには数日の時間を要したこと、(5)とりわけ発災後最初に取り組んだ業務が、部局を横断した地域の要援護者の母集団リスト・マップづくりであったが、これは事前に整備しておくことが可能であったこと、(6)地域の介護保険事業者は、配慮を要する利用者の安否確認を翌日までに済ませ、災害によって生じた新たなニーズに対応するためのサービス調整活動を直ちに進めていたことが明らかになった。以上の知見を輪島市当局と共有化した。この結果をもとに輪島市では、普段からの見守り体制を体系的に構築するとともに、「災害時に要支援度が高くなる住民め同定」、「誰が、誰を支援するのか」という個別避難支援プランなどを地理情報システム上でデータベース化することを決定し、その作業を2007年度から開始した。

In the year of Pingcheng in 19, and on March 25 of the same year, when the earthquake was hit by the regional center in front of the old city of Pingcheng, those who needed assistance in the event of a regional disaster. The residents of the former towns and towns, the residents of the former towns, the residents of the former areas (members of the people's livelihood Committee, the people's livelihood Coordinator, the District Mayor, the Fire Chief, the Citizen Chief), and those who are involved in the protection of the people's livelihood are responsible for the protection of the people's livelihood. The results are as follows: (1) after the 1995 Hanaka Kobe Asaku earthquake in the old town of Yoshima, the leadership of the Regional Committee on people's livelihood wrote the words "those who want to help", and the people who want to help them, and those who live in high health, the people who live in high health, the people who live in high health, and those who live in high health, make sure that before the death of the victims of the house barrier, they should take advantage of the situation. (2) monthly regular activities, food distribution, food, food, (4) those who need administrative assistance are required to do business in the past few days, (5) the group of customers who want to receive assistance is initially selected after the meeting, and the department is responsible for cross-cutting the number of people who want to be assisted in the area. the mother group does not need to be assisted in advance, and it is possible to do so beforehand. If you want to make use of it, do you want to make sure that it is necessary to make sure that on the following day, do you want to make sure that on the following day, do you want to make sure that on the following day, do you want to make sure that on the following day, do you want to make sure that on the following day, do you want to make sure that on the following day, do you want to make sure that on the following day, do you want to make sure that on the following day, do you want to make sure that on the following day? The above information is about the co-ownership of the municipal authorities. The results show that in the city and in the general section of the city, it is necessary to support the residents of the city in times of disaster, and to support the residents in the same period of time. In particular, you should avoid the decision to support the development of the city and the geographical information system of the city.