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Fundamental Study on Composite Electrical Insulation Design for Superconducting Power Apparatuses Using Low and High Temperature Superconductors

低温、高温超导体超导电力设备复合电绝缘设计基础研究

基本信息

批准号：
01460130
负责人：
KOSAKI Masamitsu
金额：
$ 3.52万
依托单位：
Toyohashi University of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to investigate electrical and mechanical properties of composite insulating systems as well as their components in the cryogenic temperature region from liquid helium temperature to liquid nitrogen temperature. The main results obtained in these three years are as follows. They give inportant information on the insulation design of superconducting power apparatuses.1. Ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR), a kind of composites of base ethylene-propylene and additives, has excellent mechanical properties at cryogenic temperature because of small shrinkage and small stress caused during cooling. Furthermore, EPR has higher resistance to cracking than polyethylene (PE).2. Electric strength of EPR increases gradually as temperature decreases and is superior to that of PE at liquid helium temperature. Dissipation factor of EPR is larger than PE even at cryogenic temperature especially under high electric field The optimization of the components and amount of additives in EPR which are introduced to keep its enhanced mechanical properties is necessary.3. Extruded EPR insulated cable shows good electrical and mechanical properties at liquid helium temperature. It is confirmed that there is no problem in repetitive cooling of the cable4. Electric strength of polyvinylchloride (PVC), a typical polar polymer, shows peak value around 200K, which is quite different from that reported. This is attributed to morphology of PVC and space charge formation in PVC.5. Lifetime of polyethylene exposed to partial discharges in liquid nitrogen becomes shorter with the increase of magnetic field.

本研究的目的是在从液氦温度到液氮温度的低温区域内，研究复合绝缘系统及其组件的电气和机械性能。三年来取得的主要成果如下。它们为超导电力设备的绝缘设计提供了重要信息。乙丙橡胶(EPR)是一种由基础乙丙橡胶和助剂组成的复合材料，由于其在冷却过程中产生的收缩和应力较小，在低温下具有优异的力学性能。此外，EPR比聚乙烯(PE)具有更高的抗裂性。EPR的抗电强度随温度的降低而逐渐增大，在液氦温度下优于PE。即使在低温下，EPR的耗散因子也大于PE，尤其是在高电场下，需要对EPR中引入的添加剂的组成和用量进行优化，以保持其力学性能的提高。挤出EPR绝缘电缆在液氦温度下具有良好的电性能和机械性能。确认电缆重复冷却不存在问题4。聚氯乙烯(PVC)是一种典型的极性聚合物，其电强度在200K附近出现峰值，这与文献报道的结果有很大不同。这与聚氯乙烯的形态和聚氯乙烯中空间电荷的形成有关。聚乙烯在液氮中局部放电时的寿命随磁场的增大而缩短。