A Study on Ultra-Long-Term Simulation of Hydrocarbon Resources Formation

为了提高发现油气田的概率，提高储量估算的可靠性，研究了沉积盆地形成油气田的长期地质/地球化学/物理过程。主要研究成果如下：(1)开展了泥质岩样机械压实和两相流体运移、砂质岩样二次流体运移的实验研究。压实实验结果表明，通过大范围的机械压实，岩石物性参数，即孔隙度和渗透率可以在对数测井图上线性相关。(2)开发了一个三维数值模拟器，将压实作用、岩石中的热和流体传递、干酪根产烃的化学反应等过程结合起来，进行模拟和编码。此外，还开发了外围图形以检查和显示计算结果。(3)收集与地质/构造/化学史相关的野外和实验数据的地质研究从已发表的文章和实验中收集。为了检验模拟程序的正确性和重复性，在收集的数据的基础上，进行了一维和二维流域模型的实例研究。

For the purpose of improving probability of discovery of oil fields, and making the reserve estimation more reliable, the long-term geological/geochemical/physical processes that contribute to form oil/gas field in the sedimentary basins were studied. The summary of results are as follows.(1) Experimental studies concerned with mechanical compaction and 2-phase fluid migration in/from muddy samples, secondary fluid migration through sandy samples were conducted. Especially, the results of experiments on compaction shows us that petrophysical parameters, i.e., porosity and premeabily can be correlated linearly on log-log plotting through wide range of mechanical compaction.(2) A 3-D numerical simulator was developed, in which processes including compaction, heat and fluids transfer in the rock, chemical reaction that produces hydrocarbon from kerogen, are combined, modeled and coded. The peripheral graphics are also developed to check and display the calculated results.(3) Geological studies to collect field and experimental data related to geological/structural/chemical history were collected from published articles and experiments. In order to check the correctness and reproductivity of the simulation code, several case studies using 1-D and 2-D basin models were made based on the collected data.