Masticatory Function and Physical/ Mental Activities

（1）研究对老年人中的主要功能和痴呆、握力强度和手指技能之间的关系进行了调查。主题是80名老年人（34岁，46岁，平均年龄： 80.4岁）住在一家疗养院和疗养院。痴呆症是根据Hasegawa的痴呆症评分量表测量的：用小圆盘、小球和别针进行的指板测试的手指技能;用Smedlay的儿童动态计进行的敲击强度;用食物intake问题进行的控制功能。在死亡和手淫分数之间的相关性是统计上的重要性（p<0.01），而手指技能和手淫分数的相关性是0.39，其中相关性是统计上的重要性（p<0.01）。不管怎样，在握力强度和握力分数之间没有统计上有意义的相关性。抓地力和手指技能得分都是低于人不穿牙科的（p<0.01）建议这些测试的人 ... More 有些方法可以用来预测老年人在完全牙科方面的能力。本研究的结果认为，在主要功能和物理学的某些指标之间存在着密切的关系，以及这一组老年科目中的心理活动。（2）对检测舌头马达技能和年龄--与马达行为有关的变化、向上和向下的舌头运动调节由一个中央封闭下的心电图被记录通过超声波诊断设备与一个5 MHz电子卷积扇区扫描探针和一个物理信号单元连接到一个年轻人和一个较老的物体组中的心脏声音麦克风。以下结果已被跟踪：1）系统提供了一种用声音信号评估舌头马达技能的有用方法，显示舌头表面及其运动的清晰图像.2）老年人中舌头运动的节奏不同，而年轻人中的速度不同。3）向上和向下运动的速度减少，统计上有意义。（p<0.01），在older group. 4） The Time lag Between the Sound signal and the start of touching the palate and floor is longer （p<0.01）及其variations wider in the older group. 5） The study show age-tongue motor behavior的相关更改。（3）要将大量形态学变化转化为衰老中的主要/非封闭压力，老老鼠（88周）已在实验中使用。在实验组中，所有的上层和下层的浅色牙齿都在32周内被移走了，并在那之后喂养了软饮食中包含了相同的组件和坚实的一个。用另一只手。控制组一直在喂养固体饮食，没有物质损失，直到88周。两个组的mandibulae由X射线图像、扫描电子显微镜和接触显微镜进行比较。结果显示了Condyle形状的变化、Coronoid过程和历史学的变化以及Masseter Muscle的附着区域的骨骼密度。这些发现提出了关于在Mandible中重新建模的骨骼和旧老鼠的临时性关节的结构似乎受到了全方位和大规模改变的影响。Less（低）

(1) The study investigated the relationship between masticatory function and dementia, grip strength and finger skills in elderly persons. The subjects' were 80 elderly persons (male 34, female 46, average age : 80.4 years) residing in a nursing home and geriatric hospital. Dementia was measured by the Hasegawa's Dementia Rating Scale : fingertip skill by the pegboard test using small disks, small balls and pins ; grip strength by the Smedlay's dynamometer for children ; and masticatory function by a food intake questionnaire. The correlation coefficient between dementia and masticatory scores was statistical significant (p<0.01) at 0.52, for finger skills and masticatory score the correlation coefficient was 0.39 which was also statistical significant (p<0.01). However, there was no statistically significant correlation between grip strength and masticatory score. Grip strength and finger skill scores were all lower in person not wearing denture (p<0.01) suggesting that these tests ma … More y have some use as measures for predicting elderly person's ability to function with complete dentures. The results of this study suggest a close relationship exists between masticatory function and some measures of physicalーandーmental activity in this group of elderly subjects.(2) To investigate tongue motor skills and ageーrelated changes in motor behavior, upward and downward tongue movements regulated by a metronome under centric occlusion were recorded by ultrasound diagnostic equipment with a 5MHz electronic convex sector scanning probe and a physiological signal unit connected to a heart sound microphone in a younger and an older group of subjects. The results were as follows :1) The system provided a useful method to evaluate tongue motor skill with sound signals, showing clear images of the tongue surface and its movements.2) The rhythm of tongue movements in older persons varied more than in younger persons.3) The velocity in the upward and downward movements decreased, statistically significant (p<0.01), in the older group.4) The time lag between the sound signal and the start of touching the palate and floor was longer (p<0.01) and their variations wider in the older group.5) The study shows ageーrelated changes in tongue motor behavior.(3) To elucidate the mandibular morphological changes due to masticatory / occlusal pressure in addition to aging, old rats (88 weeks) were used in the experiment. In the experimental group, all the upper and lower molar teeth had been removed at 32 weeks and fed the soft diet contained the same commponents with solid one after that. On the other hand. the control group had been feeding solid diet without substantial loss until 88 weeks. The mandibulae of two groups were compared by using X-ray images, scanning electron microscope and contact microradiograph. The results showed the changes of condyle shape, bone density at coronoid process and histological changes at condyle and the attachment regions of masseter muscle. These findings suggested that the bone remodeling in mandible and the structure of temporomandibular joint of old ruts were influenced considerably by occlusal and masticatory alterations. Less